L64A4 - British First Generation 105mm APFSDS

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Introduction & History

The British 105 mm L64A4 Armour Piercing Fin-Stabilised Discarding Sabot Traced (APFSDS-T) round was developed by Royal Ordnance (later BAE Systems, RO Defence) as a first-generation APFSDSround to replace the earlier APDS ammunition fired by the widely used 105 mm L7 tank gun. It provided a major step forward in armour penetration capability, and its compatibility with L7, M68, and other derivative 105mm guns allowed for potential adoption by a wide range of international users. Although the British Army eventually retired the L7 gun, the L64A4 series continued to see service, with production also undertaken in Pakistan through the Pakistan Ordnance Factories.

The L64A4 is a fixed round, with the projectile assembly crimped into a standard 105 mm cartridge case. The projectile assembly is made up of a sabot and a sub-projectile. The sub-projectile is a solid monobloc tungsten-alloy penetrator rod with a 28 mm diameter and a weight of 3.59kg. The forward section is fitted with an aluminium windshield, while the rear end carries a six-finned extruded aluminium tail assembly containing an L14A1 tracer. The sabot, made of three aluminium segments with spacers, holds the penetrator in place using a plastic band at the front and a slipping obturating band near the base. The cartridge case itself is brass, filled with approximately 5.6 kg of triple-based propellant known as WNC LM1900, and fitted with an electrical primer.

In terms of performance, the L64A4 achieves a muzzle velocity of 1480 - 1490 m/s and is capable of defeating NATO single and triple heavy targets at ranges up to 2,000 m, with accuracy better than 0.3 mil in both horizontal and vertical dispersion at 3,000 m. Demonstrated in service from the early 1980s, the round remained in production through the 1990s, supported by RO Defence’s ongoing marketing efforts.

In game, as a first generation APFSDS round, L64A4 would provide near-identical performance to existing early 105mm ADFSDS such as DM23 and C76A1, but would be a unique domestic addition for the earliest APFSDS firing British tanks, like the Vickers Mk 11, as well as an option for a stock or low-tier modification for later British 105s, such as the VFM5, or tanks that are yet to come, like the GKN Warrior 105, Vickers Mk 3I, Mk 3M, or Vickers Valiant Mk 4 (105).

Specifications

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L64A4 Specs

Images

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L64A4 1

L64A4 2

L64A4 3

Sources

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Royal Ordnance Ammunition Brochure (available here)

British Defence Equipment Catalogue 1984-1985 (available here cheers to @ForeverAloneRage for these)

Dutch L64A4 Trials and Adoption Documentation (available here, cheers to @Thomas_Belgium for these)

L64A4 Brochure (available here (only these two extracts I’m afraid))

Janes Ammunition Handbook 2006 - 2007 (available here)

Projectile and Warhead Identification Guide - Foreign, Defence Intelligence Agency (available here)

12 Likes

+1 I think this guy is cool

+1 more options ig

1 Like

+1 for this on a mk13 Centurion at 8.7

4 Likes

I might be completely wrong on this, but I have a nagging vague memory that the Netherlands tested/used this projectile. Can anyone confirm/deny this? (denying might be a bit hard since it’s just a lack of evidence that’s the evidence, but still.)

3 Likes

Managed to get some very nice additional sources on L64A4:

Dutch trials and adoption of L64A4 (courtesy of Mr Belgium himself @Thomas_Belgium)
L64A4 Specs Dutch Service
L64A4 Specs Dutch Service 2

Royal Ordance Guns and Ammunition Brochure

Use in Australian Leopard AS1s

This is uncertain, but in an archived ammunition report Thales Australia (formerly ADI Ltd) is stated to produce:

the complete line of 105mm ammunition for the Leopard AS1 tanks of the Royal Australian Armoured Corps

With L64 subsequently being listed as one of the ammo types produced by Thales Australia. So with Thales Australia producing the full line of ammunition for the AS1s, and L64 being one of the ammunition types that Thales Australia produced, it seems very likely that L64 was an in-service munition on Australian Leopards.

image

7 Likes

Yes, it was the main APFSDS munition on the Leopard 1V.

Sebbo has also shared it here.

Suggestion page with the documents to prove it beyond doubt:

4 Likes

I love you.
But like, you know, like a brother. Not the other way.
This is the first evidence I’ve ever seen of there being an APFSDS round for the AS1. I’m fairly confident they entered service with just APDS, but I couldn’t have possibly imagined they still used this by 2005.

4 Likes

Updated the post with a couple of new sources, including a two page spread from the British Defence Equipment Catalogue 1984 - 1985. Apologies for the quality, it’s not my book or my photo. Managed to find a lovely photo of an opened up L64A4 too.

Also shameless self plug for a bug report covering the VFM5 currently lacking L64(A4) in-game, which it historically should have - VFM5 missing British L64 APFSDS ammunition.

L64A4 1

3 Likes

Got to start somewhere

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Will it be the best APFDS no but its a dart and it would be nice +1

1 Like

+1. We really need more domestic European ammunition instead of having everything use DM23/DM33, M735/M774, and C76A1.

Rounds such as the British L64 and the Belgian M1060 family really should be in-game by now., they would also be much more historically appropriate than using C76A1 on many tanks for example

And since the Dutch Leopard 1V also used this ammunition, and it’s a vehicle I’m excited to see added one day, I would like to see it come with the appropriate round as well. I think it would make for a fun 8.7 vehicle.

3 Likes

Big thanks to @ForeverAloneRage for sending over much better photographs of the L64A4 pages of1984-1985 BDEC

2 Likes