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Comment by Ardhika in 2022:
Oh yes, I would like to offer a second opinion on the AURI Mustang. I am a fan of this WWII fighter jet…
Broadly speaking, the acquisition of the AURI Mustang fighter jets is divided into three periods:
First, the period inherited from the Militaire Luchtvaart during the Round Table Conference agreement on December 27, 1949. From this first phase, we obtained approximately 30 airframes from ex-Squadron 121 and 122 ML. All of these ML Mustangs used the numbers H-300 to H-340. After the handover in 1950, the AURI simply replaced the H code with F (Fighter).
Second, the post-Permesta period of 1958. I call this period from 1958 to 1960 “President Eisenhower’s apology period” for the revelation of American involvement in PRRI/Permesta, which was an internal Indonesian unrest. This event severely shook the US’s reputation among its allies in Latin America and Southeast Asia. During this period, the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) gained access to US weaponry through the Mutual Defense Assistance (MDA) program offered by Secretary of State John Foster Dulles. In addition to the C-130 Hercules, during this period, the Indonesian Air Force (AURI) received additional P-51Ds, although the exact number is unclear due to behind-the-scenes political agreements. From this, we can understand why the AURI Mustangs had a longer lifespan than other operators. Mustangs from the Eisenhower period used the numbers F-341 to F-359.
The third or final period was the Peace Pony II project in 1971. The Indonesian Air Force acquired a total of seven Cavalier Mustang IIs, consisting of six F-51Ds and one tandem seat trainer version TF-51D. Although only refurbished from old stock airframes made in 1944-1945, Cavalier Aircraft, with FAA permission, gave the prefix 71 serial number, meaning the aircraft structure was equivalent to the 1971 assembly. One Cavalier Mustang crashed in 1975, leaving 6 units. Operation Seroja was the end of the Mustang’s service until it was replaced by the OV-10F Bronco in 1976. Cavalier Mustangs used the numbers F-361 to F-367.
Returning to the Mustang gate guard Halim, the number F-303 indicates this aircraft is one of the legacy Mustangs of ML. During its service in Australia, the KNIL Mustang used the number N3-6xx, then in preparation for the Politionele I action, all numbers were changed to H-3xx.
Uniquely, all of these ‘legacy Mustangs’ were manufactured in the Dallas, Texas factory. So they were not made by the parent North American Aviation factory in Inglewood, California.
Mustangs numbered H-300 to H-310 are P-51K-15-NT. This means the P-51K block 15 was made by the Texas factory. H-310 was shot down by our air defense on the slopes of Mount Lawu in 1947.
Mustangs numbered H-311 to H-323 are P-51D-20-NT. This means the P-51D block 20 was made by the Texas factory. H-323 was shot down by our fighters in Klaten in 1946.
Mustangs numbered H-324 to H-340 are P-51D-25-NT. This means the P-51D block 25 was made in Dallas TX.
So how do you differentiate the P-51K from the P-51D? Easy! The P-51K was a P-51D specifically built at the Dallas plant. The standard P-51D at the Inglewood plant used four-blade propellers manufactured by Hamilton Standard. A shortage of Hamilton Standard propellers forced North American to use 11-foot diameter four-blade propellers manufactured by Aeroproducts for the Mustang production line in Dallas.
The P-51K used Aeroproducts’ propellers, which had narrower blades. When the supply of Hamilton propellers stabilized, following the production rate of the Mustang at the Dallas plant, the designation reverted to P-51D from block 20.
This particular F-303 is the only remaining P-51K in the hands of the Indonesian Air Force! (Wow jewel warbird)! Likewise, the only Dutch P-51K-15-NT is in the Soesterberg military museum. The Mustang H-307 was not handed over to the Indonesian Air Force during the Round Table Conference because it was a non-operational asset and was being used as a static laboratory at the engineering school in Delft. The Netherlands is truly fortunate to have the H-307 because all their Mustangs have been handed over to Indonesia.
Although the F-303 and H-307 were in the same production batch, their conditions are very different. The H-307 looks pristine with its polished bare aluminum skin, stored in a closed hangar. The H-307 looks ready to be worked on to be airworthy again. Meanwhile, the F-303 since its retirement in the mid-70s has been used as a gate guard at Halim, displayed on a pile. The F-303 has been mercilessly treated since leaving the factory in 1944 and is still outdoors to this day, counting almost 78 years eaten by the weather. The opaque canopy appears to be loosely sealed, allowing rainwater to pool on the cockpit floor. The only maintenance it received was a thick coat of new paint on the airfoils when the old one faded. The Packard engine inside would have rusted badly if it hadn’t been coated with a thick coat of grease as a preservation measure. Don’t let this “Cadillac of the air” suddenly collapse from its seat due to neglect and corrosion.
For that reason, on this occasion we request the Indonesian Air Force Education and Training Command (Kodiklat) cq. Historical Service to truly save the remaining seven P-51 Mustang airframes:
F-303 gate guard at Halim Jakarta
F-338 gate guard at Mabau Cilangkap
F-347 at the Satria Mandala museum shelter
F-354 at the Palagan Ambarawa monument shelter
F-361 at the Muspusdirla Jogja hangar
F-362 gate guard at Mabau Cilangkap
F-363 gate guard at Abdulrachman Saleh Malang
At least immediately end the display period of the four Mustang gate guards because of the obvious degradation due to tropical weather, then move them all to a special place protected from the weather in the form of a shelter or ideally a closed hangar. The position of the gate guard pillar left by the Mustang can be filled by the younger F-5 or A-4 fighter jet.
For this P-51K Mustang F-303, we propose to restore it to its original form during the 1950 handover period, including:
– standing back on its three wheels
– removing the installation of eight 81 mm Win (Hispano-Suiza SURA) rockets on the wings
– reinstalling the installation of six 127 mm HVAR Mark 4 ‘Holy Moses’ rockets on the wings as a weapon inherited from the KNIL. HVAR is the first rocket missile owned by the AURI.
– removing the curved UHF antenna on the back and returning the straight VHF antenna. If necessary, reinstall the original ARC-5 VHF band radio console in the cockpit.
– removing all white or silver paint and shark livery on the body and then polishing the aluminum skin until it shines. Leave the Squadron 3 emblem, the F-303 buzz number, and the square red and white flag. The new red and white Pentagon was used in April 1954.
After that, the F-303 can be sent to join the Muspusdirla collection in Jogja to educate that the Indonesian Air Force once had two generations of Mustangs. The Cavalier F-51D Mustang II in Jogja uses the fake identity F-338.
In the future, the Indonesian Military Command (Kodiklatau) could budget for one Mustang to be included in the Warbird restoration project in America to restore it to airworthy status. The best airframe could be selected from the seven available. This airworthy Mustang could be included in the annual Air Force Day flypast.
Hopefully, we’ll hear the roar of the Packard Merlin V-1650-7 engines again…