All First World War Vehicles

[Spr4yz]

The filler amount is actually pretty good for overpressure, with about 12mm pen. From another post I made:

Schneider CA

Indeed. The rounds for the 75mm Blockhaus-Schneider are pretty much equally as potent. This source, which is a scan from a 1918 manual, provides data on two HE-rounds. The M1900N with 775 grams of filler. The filler type is most likely Melinite (Picric Acid, 1.1x TNTe), for an equivalent of 852.5 grams of TNT, which can pen 12mm of RHA with overpressure. The M1915PN/GN with 740 grams of filler. Unknown what the PN and GN designation is exactly, but it uses the 24/31 dual-action fuze with both…

So I definitely think we could use it in the game.

[Wiggly_Armed_Man]

I suppose so, but that’ll still right on the edge of unusable. 12 mm of high-explosive penetration would be barely enough to penetrate any of the British heavy tanks with their 12 mm armor, it’ll be forced to go for roof shots on A7V (albeit A7V would be the best WW1 tank alongside the FCM 1A imo) and the Renault FT & derivatives, and would only barely be capable of penetrating itself or the Saint-Chamond.

It would absolutely nuke any armored cars and self-propelled guns, though.

[Wiggly_Armed_Man]

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Sweden
Kingdom of Sweden
± Republic of Finland [Subtree]

Swedish Vehicles

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LIGHT TANKS

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Strv Renault FT

General
Name(s):	Stridsvagn Renault FT (strv Renault FT)
Type:	Light tank
Status:	Imported
Derived From:	None
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	3,728 (all models)	Production Date:	7/1917-10/10/1918
Producer(s):	French Republic	3,728	7/1917-10/10/1918
	Renault S.A	1,850~	???
	Berliet	800~	???
	SOMUA	600~	???
	Delaunay-Belleville	280~	???
Used:	1	Service Date:	30/8/1918-1926
User(s):	Svenska Armén	25/7/1921-1926

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Svenska Armén
	Kungliga Positionsartilleriregementet	25/7/1921-???	Disbanded
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	6.7 t
Ground Pressure:	0.5 kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	5.0 m	1.74 m	2.14 m
Ground Clearance:	43 cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	37 S.A. mle 1918 (233)	Turret, Mechanical, -/+360° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -2°/+35° @ ??°/s	20 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
37 mm Gun
	OR 37 mle 1892	APHE	0.5 kg/15 g F3, 14 mm @ 388 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1916	HE	0.56 kg/30 g Melinite, 6 mm @ 365 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1888M	HE	0.455 kg/22 g F3, 5 mm @ 402 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ??? telescopic	Sight	??x zoom, for 37 S.A. mle 1918

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All front	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	8 mm @ ???°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	6 mm @ ???°	RHA

Crew
2	Total
1	Commander, Gunner, Gun Loader
1	Driver

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	95 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Renault
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	29 kW
	@ RPM	1,500
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	4.5 l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Sliding 4-speed	4	1
Steering:	Clutch-break
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Vertical spring
Road wheels:	9/4
	Type:	Rigid non-spaced
	Idlers:	Front track
Return rollers:	6
	Type:	Rigid spaced
Drive Sprockets:	2
	Type:	15-tooth rear drive

Tracks
Type:	Continuous linked steel
	Shoes:	32
	Length:	??? cm
	Width:	34 cm
	Pitch:	??? cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	2 m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	8.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	4.3 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	26.5°
Maximum Trench:	1.35 m
Maximum Wall:	0.6 m
Maximum Fording:	70 cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	60 km
	Mileage:	158 l/100 km

Summary
A single Renault FT with the Renault riveted turret was delivered to Sweden in 1921 and was used for trials until 1926. From 1924 to 1925, the tank was used as a mobile radio station. In 1926, it was used as a range target and subsequently dismantled once 13 mm, 20 mm, and 37 mm guns, and grenade bundles were tested against it.

Variants & Changes:

• 1924: Gun was removed to accommodate the installation of a radio, which was also later removed when the tank was converted into a range target.

Variant Images

The tank turned into a mobile radio station.

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Finnish Vehicles

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LIGHT TANKS

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Psv Renault FT

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Light tank
Status:	Production
Derived From:	None
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	3,728 (all models)	Production Date:	7/1917-10/10/1918
Producer(s):	French Republic	3,728	7/1917-10/10/1918
	Renault S.A	1,850~	???
	Berliet	800~	???
	SOMUA	600~	???
	Delaunay-Belleville	280~	???
Used:	34	Service Date:	26/08/1919-1943
User(s):	Maavoimat	26/08/1919-1943

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Maavoimat
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	6.7 t
Ground Pressure:	0.5 kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	5.0 m	1.74 m	2.14 m
Ground Clearance:	43 cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	37 S.A. mle 1918 (233)	Turret, Mechanical, -/+360° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -2°/+35° @ ??°/s	20 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
37 mm Gun
	OR 37 mle 1892	APHE	0.5 kg/15 g F3, 14 mm @ 388 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1916	HE	0.56 kg/30 g Melinite, 6 mm @ 365 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1888M	HE	0.455 kg/22 g F3, 5 mm @ 402 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ??? telescopic	Sight	??x zoom, for 37 S.A. mle 1918

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Renault
Frontwards
All front	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	8 mm @ ???°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	6 mm @ ???°	RHA
Berliet-Girod
Frontwards
All front	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret front	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret side	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret rear	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	8 mm @ ???°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	6 mm @ ???°	RHA

Crew
2	Total
1	Commander, Gunner, Gun Loader
1	Driver

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	95 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Renault
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	29 kW
	@ RPM	1,500
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	4.5 l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Sliding 4-speed	4	1
Steering:	Clutch-break
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Vertical spring
Road wheels:	9/4
	Type:	Rigid non-spaced
	Idlers:	Front track
Return rollers:	6
	Type:	Rigid spaced
Drive Sprockets:	2
	Type:	15-tooth rear drive

Tracks
Type:	Continuous linked steel
	Shoes:	32
	Length:	??? cm
	Width:	34 cm
	Pitch:	??? cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	2 m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	8.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	4.3 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	26.5°
Maximum Trench:	1.35 m
Maximum Wall:	0.6 m
Maximum Fording:	70 cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	60 km
	Mileage:	158 l/100 km

Summary
Finland received thirty-two Renault FT in 1919 and an additional two in 1920, for a total of thirty-four overall. They were Finland’s main tank for all of the 1920s and most of the 1930s, being before replaced in that capacity by imported Vickers. They briefly saw service during the Winter War, mostly as bunker emplacements, before being relegated to training duties and finally being declared totally obsolete and scrapped in 1943.

Variants & Changes:

• 1917-1918: Girod-Renault turrets were replaced by Berliet-Girod cylindrical omnibus turrets in Berliet, SOMUA, and Delaunay-Belleville productions. This removed the cheekbones for a smooth face and uparmored to 22 mm thick. This was the most common type used and was produced alongside the Renault turret.
• 1917-1918: Girod-Renault turrets were replaced by Renault riveted omnibus turrets in Renault productions. This can be easily differentiated by the riveting and flat armor plates. This was installed approximately 1,147 tanks and was produced alongside the Berliet-Girod turret.

Variant Images:

Variant Images

All three omnibus turrets in order from left to right: Girod-Renault, Renault, and Berliet-Girod.

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[Wiggly_Armed_Man]

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Israel
State of Israel

Israeli Vehicles

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[Wiggly_Armed_Man]

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USA
United States of America

American Vehicles

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LIGHT TANKS

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Renault FT

General
Name(s):	Tank, Light, Renault FT
Type:	Light tank
Status:	Imported
Derived From:	None
Derivatives:	Tank, Light, M1917
Produced:	3,728 (all models)	Production Date:	7/1918-10/10/1918
Producer(s):	French Republic	3,728	1917-1919
	Renault S.A	1,850~	???
	Berliet	800~	???
	SOMUA	600~	???
	Delaunay-Belleville	280~	???
Used:	144	Service Date:	30/8/1918-???
User(s):	United States Army	30/8/1918-???

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	United States Army
	326th Tank Battalion (Light)	1918-???	Removed
	327th Tank Battalion (Light)	1918-???	Removed
	331st Tank Battalion (Light)	1918-???	Removed
	344th Tank Battalion (Light)	1918-???	Removed
	345th Tank Battalion (Light)	1918-???	Removed

Dimensions
Weight:	6.7 t
Ground Pressure:	0.5 kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	5.0 m	1.74 m	2.14 m
Ground Clearance:	43 cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	37 S.A. mle 1918 (233)	Turret, Mechanical, -/+360° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -2°/+35° @ ??°/s	20 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
37 mm Gun
	OR 37 mle 1892	APHE	0.5 kg/15 g F3, 14 mm @ 388 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1916	HE	0.56 kg/30 g Melinite, 6 mm @ 365 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1888M	HE	0.455 kg/22 g F3, 5 mm @ 402 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ??? telescopic	Sight	??x zoom, for 37 S.A. mle 1918

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Renault
Frontwards
All front	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	8 mm @ ???°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	6 mm @ ???°	RHA
Berliet-Girod
Frontwards
All front	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret front	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret side	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret rear	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	8 mm @ ???°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	6 mm @ ???°	RHA

Crew
2	Total
1	Commander, Gunner, Gun Loader
1	Driver

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	95 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Renault
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	29 kW
	@ RPM	1,500
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	4.5 l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Sliding 4-speed	4	1
Steering:	Clutch-break
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Vertical spring
Road wheels:	9/4
	Type:	Rigid non-spaced
	Idlers:	Front track
Return rollers:	6
	Type:	Rigid spaced
Drive Sprockets:	2
	Type:	15-tooth rear drive

Tracks
Type:	Continuous linked steel
	Shoes:	32
	Length:	??? cm
	Width:	34 cm
	Pitch:	??? cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	2 m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	8.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	4.3 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	26.5°
Maximum Trench:	1.35 m
Maximum Wall:	0.6 m
Maximum Fording:	70 cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	60 km
	Mileage:	158 l/100 km

Summary
The Renault FT was the first turreted and mass-produced tanks. The United States intended to copy it as the M1917 for their armored divisions, but due to their production lagging behind the intended date, Renault FT were used to arm the light tank battalions in Europe, instead. Both Girod-Renault and Renault turreted tanks were used.

Variants & Changes:

• 1918: Girod-Renault turrets were replaced by Berliet-Girod cylindrical omnibus turrets in Berliet, SOMUA, and Delaunay-Belleville productions. This removed the cheekbones for a smooth face and uparmored to 22 mm thick. This was the most common type used and was produced alongside the Renault turret.
• 1918: Girod-Renault turrets were replaced by Renault riveted omnibus turrets in Renault productions. This can be easily differentiated by the riveting and flat armor plates. This was installed approximately 1,147 tanks and was produced alongside the Berliet-Girod turret.

Variant Images

All three omnibus turrets in order from left to right: Girod-Renault, Renault, and Berliet-Girod.

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M1917 Light

General
Name(s):	Tank, Light, M1917
Type:	Light tank
Status:	Production
Derived From:	Tank, Light, Renault FT
Derivatives:	Tank, Light, M1917A1
Produced:	950 (all models)	Production Date:	1918-1919
Producer(s):	United States of America	950	1918-1919
	Van Dorn Iron Works	???	???
	Maxwell Motor Company	???	???
	C.L. Best Company	???	???
Used:	950	Service Date:	1918-1941
User(s):	United States Army	1918-1941

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	United States Army
	326th Light Tank Battalion	1918-???	Disbanded
	327th Light Tank Battalion	1918-???	Disbanded
	331st Light Tank Battalion	1918-???	Disbanded
	344th Light Tank Battalion	1918-???	Disbanded
	345th Light Tank Battalion	1918-???	Disbanded

Dimensions
Weight:	6.7 t
Ground Pressure:	0.48 kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	5.0 m	1.8 m	2.3 m
Ground Clearance:	41.1 cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	37-mm M1916 (238)	Turret, Mechanical, -/+360°/30° (Mantlet) @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+56° @ ??°/s	20 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
37 mm Gun
	37-mm Mk. II	HE/-BF	0.5 kg/27 g TNT, 5 mm/8 mm @ 367 m/s
	37-mm M1	Cn	??? kg/38 balls, ??? mm @ 367 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - M1918 telescopic	Sight	??x zoom, for 37-mm M1916

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
Gun shield	15.24 mm @ 0°	RHA
Turret front	15.24 mm @ 12° (LoS 16 mm)	RHA
Driver’s cupola	15.24 mm @ 17° (LoS 16 mm)	RHA
Driver’s cupola	15.24 mm @ 17° (LoS 16 mm)	RHA
Driver’s doors	7.874 mm @ 70° (LoS 23 mm)	RHA
Upper glacis	15.24 mm @ 30° (LoS 18 mm)	RHA
Lower glacis	15.24 mm @ 30° (LoS 18 mm)	RHA
Sidewards
All side	15.24 mm @ 0°	RHA
Turret side	15.24 mm @ 12° (LoS 16 mm)	RHA
Rearwards
Turret rear	15.24 mm @ 12° (LoS 16 mm)	RHA
Upper rear	7.874 mm @ 65° (LoS 19 mm)	RHA
Lower rear	15.24 mm @ 0°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	7.874 mm @ 90°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	6.35 mm @ 90°	RHA

Crew
2	Total
1	Commander, Gunner, Gun Loader
1	Driver

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	113 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Buda HU
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	31 kW
	@ RPM	1,460
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	4.5 l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Sliding 4-speed	4	1
Steering:	Clutch-break
Brakes:	Mechanical

Suspension
Type:	Coil-leaf spring
Road wheels:	9/2
	Type:	Rigid non-spaced
	Idlers:	Front track
Return rollers:	6
	Type:	Rigid spaced
Drive Sprockets:	2
	Type:	15-tooth rear drive

Tracks
Type:	Single-pin cast steel
	Shoes:	32
	Length:	??? cm
	Width:	33.973 cm
	Pitch:	25 cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	2 m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	8.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	4.3 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	35°
Maximum Trench:	2.1 m
Maximum Wall:	0.91 m
Maximum Fording:	61 cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	6.1 m
Cruising Range:	48 km
	Mileage:	235 l/100 km

Summary
The M1917 was intended to be America’s premiere light tank in Europe alongside the Mk. VIII Liberty as their heavy tank, but due to production delays neither would see action. Instead, the tank was only delivered after the war had already ended. It continued service into the 1930s, when it was then largely replaced by more modern tanks like the M1 combat car and the M2 light tank.

Variants & Changes:

• M1917A1: See below.

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M1917A1 Light

General
Name(s):	Tank, Light, M1917A1
Type:	Light tank
Status:	Limited Production
Derived From:	Tank, Light, M1917
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	7	Production Date:	1929-1931
Producer(s):	United States of America	7	1929-1931
	???	7	???
Used:	7	Service Date:	1930-1941
User(s):	United States Army	1930-1941

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	United States Army
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	6.7 t
Ground Pressure:	0.47 kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	5.28 m	1.8 m	2.3 m
Ground Clearance:	41.1 cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	37-mm M1916 (238)	Turret, Mechanical, -/+360°/30° (Mantlet) @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+56° @ ??°/s	20 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
37 mm Gun
	37-mm Mk. II	HE/-BF	0.5 kg/27 g TNT, 5 mm/8 mm @ 367 m/s
	37-mm M1	Cn	??? kg/38 balls, ??? mm @ 367 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - M1918 telescopic	Sight	??x zoom, for 37-mm M1916

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
Gun shield	15.24 mm @ 0°	RHA
Turret front	15.24 mm @ 12° (LoS 16 mm)	RHA
Driver’s cupola	15.24 mm @ 17° (LoS 16 mm)	RHA
Driver’s cupola	15.24 mm @ 17° (LoS 16 mm)	RHA
Driver’s doors	7.874 mm @ 70° (LoS 23 mm)	RHA
Upper glacis	15.24 mm @ 30° (LoS 18 mm)	RHA
Lower glacis	15.24 mm @ 30° (LoS 18 mm)	RHA
Sidewards
All side	15.24 mm @ 0°	RHA
Turret side	15.24 mm @ 12° (LoS 16 mm)	RHA
Rearwards
Turret rear	15.24 mm @ 12° (LoS 16 mm)	RHA
Upper rear	7.874 mm @ ???°	RHA
Lower rear	15.24 mm @ 0°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	7.874 mm @ 90°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	6.35 mm @ 90°	RHA

Crew
2	Total
1	Commander, Gunner, Gun Loader
1	Driver

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	113 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Franklin series 145
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	76 kW
	@ RPM	3,100
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	4.5 l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Sliding 4-speed	4	1
Steering:	Clutch-break
Brakes:	Mechanical

Suspension
Type:	Coil-leaf spring
Road wheels:	9/2
	Type:	Rigid non-spaced
	Idlers:	Front track
Return rollers:	6
	Type:	Rigid spaced
Drive Sprockets:	2
	Type:	15-tooth rear drive

Tracks
Type:	Single-pin cast steel
	Shoes:	32
	Length:	??? cm
	Width:	33.973 cm
	Pitch:	25 cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	2 m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	14.5 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	11.0 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	35°
Maximum Trench:	2.1 m
Maximum Wall:	0.91 m
Maximum Fording:	61 cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	6.1 m
Cruising Range:	48 km
	Mileage:	235 l/100 km

Summary
Starting from 1927, numerous designs tried to replace the M1917 in service. Among these was the M1917 itself, which took to enlarging the engine in an attempt to solve its mobility problems. However, it still wasn’t enough and while a limited production run of M1917A1 was constructed, Christie’s designs ultimately won out as the new standard.

Variants & Changes:

None

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HEAVY TANKS

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Holt Gas-Electric

General
Name(s):	Tank, Holt Gas-Electric
Type:	Tank
Status:	Prototype
Derived From:	None
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	1	Production Date:	1917-1918
Producer(s):	United States of America	1	1917-1918
	Holt Manufacturing Company	1 (with General Electric)	1917-1918
	General Electric Company	1 (with Holt Manufacturing)	1917-1918
Used:	0	Service Date:	N/A
User(s):	N/A	N/A

Dimensions
Weight:	25.4 t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	5.03 m	2.76 m	2.37 m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	2.95-in Vickers-Maxim (???)	Casemate, Mechanical, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	14 rpm
2 x	7.62-mm M1917 (???)	Sponsons, Mechanical, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	450 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
2.95 in Gun
	Common Steel 12 1/2 lbs	SAPHE	5.67 kg/195 g TNT, 22 mm @ 280 m/s
	Cast Iron 12 1/2 lbs	HE	5.67 kg/343 g Blackpowder, 5 mm @ 280 m/s
	Shrapnel 12 1/2 lbs	Sh-TF	0.455 kg/212 balls, 5 mm @ 402 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ??? telescopic	Sight	??x zoom, for 2.95-in Vickers-Maxim

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
All	15.4-6.35 mm @ ???°	RHA

Crew
6	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
1	Gun Loader
2	Machine Gunners, Machine Gun Loaders

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - Holt
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	67 kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Petrol-electric, vertical spring
Road wheels:	10
	Type:	???
	Idlers:	???
Return rollers:	???
	Type:	???
Drive Sprockets:	2
	Type:	Rear drive

Tracks
Type:	Continuous linked steel
	Shoes:	???
	Length:	??? cm
	Width:	??? cm
	Pitch:	??? cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	2 m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	9.6 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	2.6 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	???°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
The Holt Gas-Electric was America’s first native tank and took its name from the gasoline-electric system that powered its tracks, similar to the system that the French Saint-Chamond also used. However, it was rejected due to being too heavy and too underpowered of a design.

Variants & Changes:

None

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---

Wheeled Steam Tank

General
Name(s):	Tank, Steam (Wheeled)
Type:	Steam tank
Status:	Prototype
Derived From:	None
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	1	Production Date:	1917-2/1918
Producer(s):	United States of America	1	1917-2/1918
	Holt Manufacturing Company	1	1917-2/1918
Used:	0	Service Date:	N/A
User(s):	N/A	N/A

Dimensions
Weight:	17 t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	6.78 m	3.07 m	3.0 m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
2 x	Q.F. Hotchkiss 6-pr. 6-cwt. Mk. II (???)	Sponsons, Mechanical, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	20 rpm
2 x	7.62-mm M1917 (???)	Ballports, Manual, -/+???° @ 60°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ 60°/s	450 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
6-pr. 6-cwt. Gun
	Q.F., 6-pr., M.D., Steel Shell, Mk. XIII	SAPHE	2.7 kg/15 g Lyddite, 37 mm @ 411 m/s
	Q.F., 6-pr., M.D., Common Shell, Mk. III	HE	2.7 kg/160 g TNT, 5 mm @ 411 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
2 x - ??? telescopic	Sight	2-3.5x zoom, for 6-pr. 6-cwt.

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
All	15.4-6.35 mm @ ???°	RHA

Crew
6	Total
1	Commander, Machine Gunner, Machine Gun Loader
1	Driver, Machine Gunner, Machine Gun Loader
2	Gunners
2	Gun Loaders

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	95 l
Engine(s):	2 x - Doble
	Type:	Steam
	Horsepower (Total):	55 (110) kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	N/A
	Capacity:	N/A
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	???
Road wheels:	3x1
	Type:	Solid
	Steering:	Front uni

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	??? km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	6.5 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	???°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
The Wheeled Steam Tank was one of two steam tank designs produced during the war by the United States. It was the first of them and rejected along the grounds of poor mobility on account of it getting bogged down too easily.

Variants & Changes:

None

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Mark V

General
Name(s):	Tank, Heavy, Mark V
Type:	Heavy tank
Status:	Imported
Derived From:	Mark IV
Derivatives:	Mark V*
Produced:	400 (all models)	Production Date:	1917-1918
Producer(s):	United Kingdom	400	1917-1918
	Metropolitan Carriage Wagon & Finance Co	400	1917-1918
Used:	60~	Service Date:	1918-???
User(s):	United States Army	1918-???

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	United States Army
	1st Separate Tank Battalion	1918	↓Renamed↓
	41st Tank Battalion	1918	↓Renamed↓
	301st Tank Battalion (Heavy)	1918-1920/1921	Removed
	302nd Tank Battalion (Heavy)	1918-???	Removed
	303rd Tank Battalion (Heavy)	1918-???	Removed
	304th Tank Battalion (Heavy)	1918-???	Removed
	305th Tank Battalion (Heavy)	1918-???	Removed
	306th Tank Battalion (Heavy)	1918-???	Removed
	307th Tank Battalion (Heavy)	1918-???	Removed
	308th Tank Battalion (Heavy)	1918-???	Removed

Dimensions
Weight:	30.0 t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	8.0 m	4.1 m	2.64 m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
2 x	Q.F. Hotchkiss 6-pr. 6-cwt. Mk. II (282)	Sponsons, Mechanical, -/+52.5° @ 15°/s	Mechanical, -6°/+12° @ 4°/s	20 rpm
4 x	.303-in Hotchkiss Mk. I (6,000)	Ballports, Manual, -/+45° @ 60°/s	Manual, -10°/+10° @ 60°/s	450 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
6-pr. 6-cwt. Gun
	Q.F., 6-pr., M.D., Steel Shell, Mk. XIII	SAPHE	2.7 kg/15 g Lyddite, 37 mm @ 411 m/s
	Q.F., 6-pr., M.D., Common Shell, Mk. III	HE	2.7 kg/160 g TNT, 5 mm @ 411 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
2 x - ??? telescopic	Sight	??x zoom, for 6-pr. 6-cwt.

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
Lower frontal glacis	16 mm @ 61° (LoS 33 mm)	RHA
Lowest frontal glacis	16 mm @ 69° (LoS 45 mm)	RHA
Upper frontal glacis	16 mm @ 44° (LoS 22 mm)	RHA
Towers front	16 mm @ 0°	RHA
Sponson front	16 mm @ 30° (LoS 18 mm)	RHA
Sidewards
All side	12 mm @ 0°	RHA
Sponson lower side	12 mm @ 38° (LoS 15 mm)	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	12 mm @ 0°	RHA
Tower rear	12 mm @ 34° (LoS 14 mm)	RHA
Sponson rear	12 mm @ 15° (LoS 12 mm)	RHA
Rear glacis	12 mm @ 72° (LoS 39 mm)	RHA
Upwards
Roof	8 mm @ 0°	RHA
Front roof	8 mm @ 82°	RHA
Upper rear roof	8 mm @ 82°	RHA
Lower rear roof	12 mm @ 74°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	6 mm @ 0°	RHA
Inwards
Inner track-sponson	12 mm	RHA
Sponson stowage	12 mm	RHA
Engine wall	12 mm	RHA
Transmission cover	12 mm	RHA

Crew
8	Total
1	Commander, Assistant Driver
1	Driver, Machine Gunner, Machine Gun Loader
1	Mechanic, Machine Gunner, Machine Gun Loader
1	Mechanic
2	Gunners
2	Gun Loaders, Machine Gunners, Machine Gun Loaders

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	420 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Ricardo
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	110 kW
	@ RPM	1,200
	Cylinder:	6
	Capacity:	19 l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Wilson epicyclic 4-speed	4	1
Steering:	Wilson epicyclic clutch-break
Brakes:	Mechanical

Suspension
Type:	None
Road wheels:	26
	Type:	Rigid non-spaced
	Idlers:	Adjustable front track
Return rollers:	10
	Type:	Top track
Drive Sprockets:	2
	Type:	30-tooth rear drive

Tracks
Type:	Continuous linked steel
	Shoes:	90
	Length:	22.23 cm
	Width:	52.07 cm
	Pitch:	19.05 cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	2 m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	7.7 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	1.4 km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	3.7 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	???°
Maximum Trench:	3.5 m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	72 km
	Mileage:	583 l/100 km

Summary
The Mark V was America’s first tank in the European theatre. Due to its weight, relative to the Renault FT, it was designated a heavy and was used as such within the 301st; the only heavy tank battalion that saw action during the war. Later, they were replaced by Mark VIII Liberties.

Variants & Changes:

• Mark V*: See below.

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Mark V*

General
Name(s):	Tank, Heavy, Mark V*
Type:	Heavy tank
Status:	Imported
Derived From:	Mark V
Derivatives:	Mark V**
Produced:	632 (all models)	Production Date:	1918-3/1919
Producer(s):	United Kingdom	632	1918-3/1919
	Metropolitan Carriage Wagon & Finance Co	632	1918-3/1919
Used:	60~	Service Date:	1918-???
User(s):	United States Army	1918-???

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	United States Army
	1st Separate Tank Battalion	1918	↓Renamed↓
	41st Tank Battalion	1918	↓Renamed↓
	301st Tank Battalion (Heavy)	1918-1920/1921	Removed
	302nd Tank Battalion (Heavy)	1918-???	Removed
	303rd Tank Battalion (Heavy)	1918-???	Removed
	304th Tank Battalion (Heavy)	1918-???	Removed
	305th Tank Battalion (Heavy)	1918-???	Removed
	306th Tank Battalion (Heavy)	1918-???	Removed
	307th Tank Battalion (Heavy)	1918-???	Removed
	308th Tank Battalion (Heavy)	1918-???	Removed

Dimensions
Weight:	33.0 t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	9.88 m	4.1 m	2.64 m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
2 x	Q.F. Hotchkiss 6-pr. 6-cwt. Mk. II (282)	Sponsons, Mechanical, -/+52.5° @ 15°/s	Mechanical, -6°/+12° @ 4°/s	20 rpm
4 x	.303-in Hotchkiss Mk. I (6,000)	Ballports, Manual, -/+45° @ 60°/s	Manual, -10°/+10° @ 60°/s	450 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
6-pr. 6-cwt. Gun
	Q.F., 6-pr., M.D., Steel Shell, Mk. XIII	SAPHE	2.7 kg/15 g Lyddite, 37 mm @ 411 m/s
	Q.F., 6-pr., M.D., Common Shell, Mk. III	HE	2.7 kg/160 g TNT, 5 mm @ 411 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
2 x - ??? telescopic	Sight	??x zoom, for 6-pr. 6-cwt.

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
Lower frontal glacis	16 mm @ 61° (LoS 33 mm)	RHA
Lowest frontal glacis	16 mm @ 69° (LoS 45 mm)	RHA
Upper frontal glacis	16 mm @ 44° (LoS 22 mm)	RHA
Towers front	16 mm @ 0°	RHA
Sponson front	16 mm @ 30° (LoS 18 mm)	RHA
Sidewards
All side	12 mm @ 0°	RHA
Sponson lower side	12 mm @ 38° (LoS 15 mm)	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	12 mm @ 0°	RHA
Tower rear	12 mm @ 34° (LoS 14 mm)	RHA
Sponson rear	12 mm @ 15° (LoS 12 mm)	RHA
Rear glacis	12 mm @ 72° (LoS 39 mm)	RHA
Upwards
Roof	8 mm @ 0°	RHA
Front roof	8 mm @ 82°	RHA
Upper rear roof	8 mm @ 82°	RHA
Lower rear roof	12 mm @ 74°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	6 mm @ 0°	RHA
Inwards
Inner track-sponson	12 mm	RHA
Sponson stowage	12 mm	RHA
Engine wall	12 mm	RHA
Transmission cover	12 mm	RHA

Crew
8	Total
1	Commander, Assistant Driver
1	Driver, Machine Gunner, Machine Gun Loader
1	Mechanic, Machine Gunner, Machine Gun Loader
1	Mechanic
2	Gunners
2	Gun Loaders, Machine Gunners, Machine Gun Loaders

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	420 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Ricardo
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	110 kW
	@ RPM	1,200
	Cylinder:	6
	Capacity:	19 l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Wilson epicyclic 4-speed	4	1
Steering:	Wilson epicyclic clutch-break
Brakes:	Mechanical

Suspension
Type:	None
Road wheels:	26
	Type:	Rigid non-spaced
	Idlers:	Adjustable front track
Return rollers:	10
	Type:	Top track
Drive Sprockets:	2
	Type:	30-tooth rear drive

Tracks
Type:	Continuous linked steel
	Shoes:	90
	Length:	22.23 cm
	Width:	67.31 cm
	Pitch:	19.05 cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	??? m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	7.7 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	1.4 km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	3.3 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	???°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	72 km
	Mileage:	583 l/100 km

Summary
The Mark V* was lengthened in order to cross the larger anti-tank trenches that were being dug out during the later part of 1918. They also formed the bulk of the American heavy tank battalions, both during the war and the in the immediate aftermath. Later, they were replaced by Mark VIII Liberties.

Variants & Changes:

• 1918: some tanks were produced with older 20.5-in tracks instead of the newer 26.5-in tracks.

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Mark VIII

General
Name(s):	Tank, Heavy, Mark VIII
Type:	Heavy tank
Status:	Production
Derived From:	None
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	125 (all models)	Production Date:	1918-3/1919
Producer(s):	United Kingdom	25	11/1918-1919
	North British Locomotive Co	25	11/1918-1919
	United States of America	100	1919-1920
	Rock Island Arsenal	100	1919-1920
Used:	100	Service Date:	1920-25/10/1932
User(s):	United States Army	1920-25/10/1932

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	United States Army
	301st Tank Battalion (Heavy)	1920-22/6/1921	↓Renamed↓
	17th Tank Battalion (Heavy)	22/6/1921-1/9/1929	↓↓Merged↓↓
	19th Tank Battalion (Heavy)	24/3/1923-1/9/1929	↓Merged↓
	2nd Tank Regiment (Heavy)	1/9/1929-25/10/1932	Removed

Dimensions
Weight:	39.4 t
Ground Pressure:	1.13 kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	10.41 m	3.56 m	3.12 m
Ground Clearance:	52.8 cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
First Pilot, Second Pilot Early
2 x	Q.F. Hotchkiss 6-pr. 6-cwt. Mk. II (208)	Sponsons, Mechanical, -/+52.5° @ 15°/s	Mechanical, -6°/+12° @ 4°/s	20 rpm
7 x	.303-in Hotchkiss Mk. I (21,000)	Large Ballports, Manual, -/+???° @ 60°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ 60°/s	450 rpm
		Small Ballports, Manual, -/+45° @ 60°/s	Manual, -10°/+10° @ 60°/s	450 rpm
Second Pilot Late
2 x	Q.F. Hotchkiss 6-pr. 6-cwt. Mk. II (208)	Sponsons, Mechanical, -/+52.5° @ 15°/s	Mechanical, -6°/+12° @ 4°/s	20 rpm
7 x	7.62-mm M1917 (21,000)	Large Ballports, Manual, -/+???° @ 60°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ 60°/s	450 rpm
		Small Ballports, Manual, -/+45° @ 60°/s	Manual, -10°/+10° @ 60°/s	450 rpm
Production
2 x	Q.F. Hotchkiss 6-pr. 6-cwt. Mk. II (208)	Sponsons, Mechanical, -/+52.5° @ 15°/s	Mechanical, -6°/+12° @ 4°/s	20 rpm
5 x	7.62-mm M1919 (15,100)	Large Ballports, Manual, -/+???° @ 60°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ 60°/s	500 rpm
		Small Ballports, Manual, -/+45° @ 60°/s	Manual, -10°/+10° @ 60°/s	500 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
6-pr. 6-cwt. Gun
	Q.F., 6-pr., M.D., Steel Shell, Mk. XIII	SAPHE	2.7 kg/15 g Lyddite, 37 mm @ 411 m/s
	Q.F., 6-pr., M.D., Common Shell, Mk. III	HE	2.7 kg/160 g TNT, 5 mm @ 411 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
2 x - Telescope 15 Mk. I	Sight	2-3.5x zoom, for 6-pr. 6-cwt.

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
Lower frontal glacis	12 mm @ ??°	RHA
Lowest frontal glacis	16 mm @ ??°	RHA
Upper frontal glacis	12 mm @ ??°	RHA
Towers front	16 mm @ 0°	RHA
Driver’s turret	10 mm @ ??°	RHA
Sponson front	16 mm @ ??°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	12 mm @ 0°	RHA
Tower side	16 mm @ 0°	RHA
Wing-skirting plates	10 mm @ 0°	RHA
Sponson lower side	12 mm @ ??°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	12 mm @ 0°	RHA
Tower rear	12 mm @ ??°	RHA
Gasoline rear	16 mm @ ??°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	6 mm @ 90°	RHA
Gasoline roof	10 mm @ ??°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	6 mm @ 90°	RHA
Sponson floor	8 mm @ 90°	RHA
Inwards
Engine wall	12 mm	RHA

Crew
10	Total
1	Commander, Machine Gunner, Machine Gun Loader
1	Driver
1	Mechanic
2	Gunners
2	Gun Loaders
3	Machine Gunners, Machine Gun Loaders

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	908 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Liberty 12
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	221 kW
	@ RPM	1,400
	Cylinder:	12
	Capacity:	27 l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Epicyclic 2-speed	2	2
Steering:	Epicyclic clutch-break
Brakes:	Mechanical

Suspension
Type:	None
Road wheels:	29
	Type:	Rigid spaced (14), non-spaced (15)
	Idlers:	Adjustable front track
Return rollers:	1
	Type:	Top track
Drive Sprockets:	2
	Type:	35-tooth rear drive

Tracks
Type:	Continuous linked steel
	Shoes:	78
	Length:	??? cm
	Width:	67.31 cm
	Pitch:	28.33 cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	2.59 m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	7.7 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	1.4 km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	5.7 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	40°
Maximum Trench:	4.88 m
Maximum Wall:	1.4 m
Maximum Fording:	86 cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	12.3 m
Cruising Range:	64 km
	Mileage:	1,418 l/100 km

Summary
The Mark VIII was a collaborative effort between the United Kingdom, the United States, and the France in an effort to create a new “international” heavy tank for the planned 1919 offensive. However, the end of the war meant that this never occurred. As a result, the French Mark VIII factory ultimately produced no tanks, the British factories ultimately only produced 25 out of an original order of 1,450 due to their production no longer being necessary, and, like the M1917, American production lagged far behind and would only begin nearly a full half a year after the end of the war. Ultimately, an American Mark VIII wouldn’t be completed until 1920 with 100 being produced by the end of the year. The American version differed from the British version in a number of ways, including: the elimination of the sidewall tower machine guns, the usage of the 7.62-mm M1919 in place of the .303-in Hotchkiss Mk. I, the installation of a semaphore mast, a bullet deflector plate on the rear of the tank, and a canvas cover over stored tanks.

They would see service until 1932 as America’s only in-service heavy tank until the later part of the Second World War.

Variants & Changes:

• November 1918: first mild steel pilot with seven .303-in Hotchkiss machine guns and a faulty exhaust system
• March 1919: second mild steel pilot with a semaphore and seven .303-in Hotchkiss machine guns
  • May 1919: .303-in Hotchkiss machine guns replaced by 7.62-mm M1917 machine guns
• 1919~: sidewall machine guns removed in production models
• 1925: strobe vision dome installed on one tank, reverted the same year
• 1932: air-cooling system for engine installed on one tank

Variant Images

First mild steel pilot.

Second mild steel pilot, with .303-in Hotchkiss.

Second mild steel pilot, with 7.62-mm M1917.

Strobe vision dome.

Air-cooling system for Liberty engine, red is the grille and blue is the enlarged fan.

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ANTI-AIRCRAFT VEHICLES

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Balloon Destroyer

General
Name(s):	Balloon Destroyer
Type:	Self-propelled anti-balloon gun
Status:	Prototype
Derived From:	Cadillac
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	2	Production Date:	1910
Producer(s):	United States	2	1910
	Davidson & Northwestern Military Academy	2	1910
Used:	0	Service Date:	N/A
User(s):	N/A	N/A

Dimensions
Weight:	??? t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	??? m	??? m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
2 x	7.62-mm M1895 (???)	Turret, Manual, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	450 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
Converted
7.62 mm Gun
	???

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
??? x - iron sight	Sight	???x zoom, for 7.62-mm M1895

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
All	None	N/A

Crew
4	Total
1	Commander, Machine Gunner
1	Driver, Machine Gun Loader
1	Machine Gunner
1	Machine Gun Loader

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - Cadillac
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	??? kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	???
Road wheels:	???
	Type:	???
	Steering:	???

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	??? km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	??? kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
Davidson was a prolific inventor of unarmored and armored combat vehicles during the 1910s and 1920s. He is responsible for works such as the Machine Gun Car, an earlier creation based on the same Cadillac that the Balloon Destroyer is built off of, and his later Armored Car. The Balloon Destroyer, as the name suggests, was meant to take down observation balloons with its high-angle machine guns. This did not see any success beyond the two prototypes constructed, albeit two Radio-Machine Gun Cars would be made to accompany them the following year.

Variants & Changes:

None

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[Wiggly_Armed_Man]

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Germany
German Reich [Empire] (1871-1918) - [Weimar] German Reich (1918-1933) - [Third] German Reich (1933-1945)
± Austro-Hungarian Monarchy [Subtree]
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German Vehicles

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ARMORED CARS

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Minerva

General
Name(s):	Panzerwagen Minerva (Beute) (Pzw. Minerva (Beute))
Type:	Armored car
Status:	Captured
Derived From:	Minerva 16CV
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	30~	Production Date:	1914
Producer(s):	Kingdom of Belgium	30	1914
	Cockerill-Sambre	30~	1914
Used:	3	Service Date:	1914-6/1919
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)	1914-11/1918
	Freikorps (Free Corps)	12/1918-6/1919

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)
	???
	Freikorps (Free Corps)
	Kommando der Kampfwagen (Kokampf)	12/1918-6/1919	Disbanded

Dimensions
Weight:	4.0 t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	4.9 m	1.75 m	2.3 m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
Original
1 x	8 Hotchkiss mle 1909 (???)	Turret, Manual, -/+360° @ ??°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	400 rpm
Converted
1 x	2cm Becker K. M2 (300~)	Turret, Manual, 360° @ ??°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	325 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
Converted
20 mm Gun
	2cm Pz. Gß. L’Spur. M2	AP-T	0.145 kg, 18 mm @ 490 m/s
	2cm Pz. Gß. L’Spur. M1	AP-T	0.145 kg, 18 mm @ 490 m/s
	2cm Sp. Gß. M2	HE	0.137 kg/5 g TNT, 1 mm @ 495 m/s
	2cm Sp. Gß. M1	HE	0.137 kg/5.5 g TNT+0.5 g Pieretic, 1 mm @ 495 m/s
	2cm L’Spur. Br. Gß.	I-T	0.144 kg/11 g Shellac, 14 mm @ 490 m/s
	2cm Br. Gß.	I	0.137 kg/12 g Incendiary, 13 mm @ 490 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - iron sight	Sight	1x zoom, for 2cm Becker

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
???	4 mm @ ??°	RHA

Crew
4	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
1	Gun Loader

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - Minerva
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	30 kW
	@ RPM	2,500
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	8 l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Leaf spring
Road wheels:	4x2
	Type:	Spoke
	Steering:	Front wheels

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	40.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	7.5 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	150 km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
The Minerva were the first deployed armored cars of the First World War and among the first to be captured by German forces during their invasion of Belgium in the opening stages of it. Three were captured, which would later be used during the invasion of Romania in 1916, and at least one would survive up until 1919 when it formed a part of the “Kokampf” Friekorps during the German Revolution. It was later turned over to Entente forces due to the restrictions of the Treaty of Versailles.

Variants & Changes:

• 1914-1916: captured Minerva converted to use a 2cm Becker K. M2 in place of the 8 Hotchkiss mle 1909

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Packard

General
Name(s):	Panzerwagen Packard (Beute) (Pzw. Packard (Beute))
Type:	Armored car
Status:	Captured
Derived From:	Packard 3 t
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	2	Production Date:	1914-3/1915
Producer(s):	Russian Empire	2	1914-3/1915
	Izhorskij Zavod	2	1914-3/1915
Used:	2	Service Date:	1918-6/1919
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)	1918-11/1918
	Freikorps (Free Corps)	12/1918-6/1919

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)
	???
	Freikorps (Free Corps)
	Kommando der Kampfwagen (Kokampf)	12/1918-6/1919	Disbanded

Dimensions
Weight:	5.76 t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	??? m	??? m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
Original
1 x	37-mm Maxim-Nordenfelt (1,200)	Turret, Manual, -/+300° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	300 rpm
1 x	7,62-mm PM obr. 1910 g. (8,000)	Moveable, Manual, -/+360° @ 60°/s	Manual, -10°/+70° @ 60°/s	600 rpm
Converted
1 x	2cm Becker K. M2 (2,400)	Turret, Manual, -/+300° @ ??°	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	325 rpm
3 x	M. G. 08 (???)	Front Turret, Manual, ???° @ 60°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ 60°/s	500 rpm
		Right Pintle, Manual, ???° @ 60°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ 60°/s	500 rpm
		Rear Pintle, Manual, ???° @ 60°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ 60°/s	500 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
Original
37 mm Gun
	3,7cm L’Spur.-Gr. L/2,5 (St.)	AP-T	0.465 kg, 26 mm @ 550 m/s
	3,7cm Sprg. L/2,5 (Kz.)	HE/-BF	0.47 kg/42 g Pieretic, 7/16 mm @ 550 m/s
Converted
20 mm Gun
	2cm Pz. Gß. L’Spur. M2	AP-T	0.145 kg, 18 mm @ 490 m/s
	2cm Pz. Gß. L’Spur. M1	AP-T	0.145 kg, 18 mm @ 490 m/s
	2cm Sp. Gß. M2	HE	0.137 kg/5 g TNT, 1 mm @ 495 m/s
	2cm Sp. Gß. M1	HE	0.137 kg/5.5 g TNT+0.5 g Pieretic, 1 mm @ 495 m/s
	2cm L’Spur. Br. Gß.	I-T	0.144 kg/11 g Shellac, 14 mm @ 490 m/s
	2cm Br. Gß.	I	0.137 kg/12 g Incendiary, 13 mm @ 490 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
Original
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for 37-mm Maxim-Nordenfelt
Converted
1 x - iron sight	Sight	1x zoom, for 2cm Becker

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All front	5 mm @ ??°	Chrome-nickel
Sidewards
All side	4 mm @ ??°	Chrome-nickel
Turret side	5 mm @ ??°	Chrome-nickel
Rearwards
All rear	4 mm @ ??°	Chrome-nickel
Turret rear	5 mm @ ??°	Chrome-nickel
Upwards
Roof	4 mm @ ??°	Chrome-nickel

Crew
7	Original
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
2	Gun Loader
1	Machine Gunners
1	Machine Gun Loader
10	Converted
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
2	Gun Loader
2	Machine Gunners
2	Machine Gun Loader
1	Machine Gunner, Machine Gun Loader

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - Packard
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	24 kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Leaf spring
Road wheels:	4x2
	Type:	Solid
	Steering:	Front wheels

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	50.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	4.1 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
In response to the effectiveness of cannon armored cars in 1914, further cannon armored cars were ordered. One model selected were based on Packard trucks and completed by 1915. Due to the chaos of the Russian Revolution and proceeding Civil War, both of the two built armored cars were captured and converted to be 2cm gun carriers. As a part of the “Kokampf,” they were deployed in Berlin during the German Revolution and later turned over to Entente forces due to the restrictions of the Treaty of Versailles.

Variants & Changes:

• 1918: captured Packard converted to use a 2cm Becker K. M2 in place of the 37-mm Maxim-Nordenfelt, and three M. G. 08 in place of the single 7,62-mm PM-10

Variant Images

Before modification upon capture.

After modification in 1918.

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Pierce-Arrow

General
Name(s):	Panzerwagen Pierce-Arrow (Beute) (Pzw. Pierce-Arrow (Beute))
Type:	Armored car
Status:	Produced
Derived From:	Pierce-Arrow 5 t
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	2	Production Date:	1916
Producer(s):	Russian Empire	2	1916
	Izhorskij Zavod	2	1916
Used:	2	Service Date:	1918-1919
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)	1918
	Freikorps (Free Corps)	12/1918-6/1919

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)
	???
	Freikorps (Free Corps)
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	??? t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	??? m	??? m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
Original
1 x	76.2-mm obr. 1904 g. (???)	Turret, Mechanical, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	6 rpm
2 x	7,62-mm PM obr. 1910 g. (???)	Sponsons, Mechanical, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ 60°/s	600 rpm
Converted
1 x	76.2-mm obr. 1904 g. (???)	Turret, Mechanical, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	6 rpm
2 x	M. G. 08 (???)	Sponsons, Mechanical, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ 60°/s	600 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
76.2 mm Gun
	Grenade 76,2-mm	HE	6.4 kg/785 g TNT, 24 mm @ 290 m/s
	Shrapnel 76,2-mm	Sh	6.5 kg/85 g TNT, ??? mm @ 290 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for 76.2-mm obr. 1904 g.

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All front	4.5 mm @ ??°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	4.5 mm @ ??°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear[/u]	4.5 mm @ ??°	RHA
Upwards[/u]
Roof	4.5 mm @ ??°	RHA

Crew
6[/u]	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
2	Gun Loaders
2	Machine Gunners, Machine Gun Loaders

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - ???
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	??? kW
	@ RPM:	???
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Leaf spring
Road wheels:	4x2
	Type:	Solid
	Steering:	Front wheels

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	??? km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	??? kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
A single Pierce-Arrow was captured from the Russians in 1918. After being repaired, it saw service in the rear areas before being deployed in Berlin as a part of the Freikorps during the German revolution. It was presumably turned over to the Entente after the Treaty of Versailles.

Variants & Changes:

None

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Garford

General
Name(s):	Panzerwagen Garford (Beute) (Pzw. Garford (Beute))
Type:	Armored car
Status:	Captured
Derived From:	Garford HtK 68
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	30	Production Date:	3/1915-28/9/1915
Producer(s):	Russian Empire	30	3/1915-28/9/1915
	Putilovskij Zavod	30	3/1915-28/9/1915
Used:	3	Service Date:	1916/1918-1919
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)	1916/1918-11/1918
	Freikorps (Free Corps)	12/1918-6/1919

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)
	???
	Freikorps (Free Corps)
	Kommando der Kampfwagen (Kokampf)	12/1918-6/1919	Disbanded

Dimensions
Weight:	8.6 t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	5.7 m	2.3 m	2.8 m
Ground Clearance:	30 cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
Original
1 x	76,2-mm obr. 1910 g. (44)	Turret, Mechanical, -/+260° @ 12.8°/s	Mechanical, -5°/+15° @ 3.2°/s	15 rpm
3 x	7,62-mm PM obr. 1910 g. (6,000)	Coaxial, Manual, -/+5° @ 60°/s	Manual, -5°/+15° @ 60°/s	600 rpm
		Sponsons, Manual, -/+81° @ 60°/s	Manual, -4°/+10° @ 60°/s	600 rpm
Converted
1 x	76,2-mm obr. 1910 g. (44)	Turret, Mechanical, -/+260° @ 12.8°/s	Mechanical, -5°/+15° @ 3.2°/s	15 rpm
3 x	M. G. 08 (6,000)	Coaxial, Manual, -/+5° @ 60°/s	Manual, -5°/+15° @ 60°/s	500 rpm
		Sponsons, Manual, -/+81° @ 60°/s	Manual, -4°/+10° @ 60°/s	500 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
76.2 mm Gun
	7,62cm St. Gr.	HE/SAPHE	6.0 kg/390 g TNT, 25/35 mm @ 400 m/s
	Grenade 76,2-mm	HE	6.4 kg/785 g TNT, 24 mm @ 381 m/s
	Shrapnel 76,2-mm	Sh	6.5 kg/85 g TNT, 18 mm @ 381 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	1-3.5x zoom, for 76,2-mm obr. 1910 g.

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All front	6.5 mm @ 0°	RHA
Sponson	5 mm @ 0°	RHA
Hood	5 mm @ 61° (LoS 10 mm)	RHA
Exhaust cover	3 mm @ 45° (LoS 4 mm)	RHA
Sidewards
All side	6.5 mm @ 0°	RHA
Sponson	5 mm @ 0°	RHA
Rear upper panel	5 mm @ 45° (LoS 7 mm)	RHA
Rear lower panel	6.5 mm @ 35° (LoS 8 mm)	RHA
Turret side	6.5 mm @ 20° (LoS 7 mm)	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	6.5 mm @ 0°	RHA
Turret front	6.5 mm @ 23° (LoS 7 mm)	RHA
Lower	3 mm @ 0°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	3 mm @ 0°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	3 mm @ 0°	RHA

Crew
8	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
1	Gun Loader
2	Machine Gunners
2	Machine Gun Loaders

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	132.4 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Putilov
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	22 kW
	@ RPM	2,500
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Putilov 4-speed	4	4
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Leaf spring
Road wheels:	4x2
	Type:	Spoked
	Steering:	Front wheels

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	18.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	18.0 km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	2.6 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	120 km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
Garford-Putilov formed the largest type of armored cars in the Russian Empire. During the last two years of the First World War, Germany captured five of the thirty cars and converted at least three to use M. G. 08. However, they wouldn’t see much action until the German Revolution, where they were used as a part of the “Kokampf” and later turned over to Entente forces due to the restrictions of the Treaty of Versailles.

Variants & Changes:

• 1916-1918: at least three captured Garford converted to use M. G. 08 in place of the 7,62-mm obr. 1918 g.

Variant Images

A modified Garford a part of the Freikorps “Kokampf.”

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Bussing A5P

General
Name(s):	Panzerwagen Bussing A5P (Pzw. Bussing A5P)
Type:	Armored car
Status:	Prototype
Derived From:	None
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	1	Production Date:	1915
Producer(s):	German Empire	1	1915
	Daimler-Motoren-Gesselschuft	40	1915
Used:	40	Service Date:	???
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)	1915-11/1918

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	10.25 t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	9.5 m	2.1 m	3.5 m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	2cm Becker K. M2 (???)	Port*, Manual, ???° @ ??°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	325 rpm
2 x	M. G. 08 (16,700)	Port*, Manual, -/+???° @ 60°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ 60°/s	500 rpm

*Guns have no fixed positions and can be placed in any of twelve gun ports, including: four in the cylindrical tower with one on each side, two in the front and the rear, and two one each side with one of them located on the doors.

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
20 mm Gun
	2cm Pz. Gß. L’Spur. M2	AP-T	0.145 kg, 18 mm @ 490 m/s
	2cm Pz. Gß. L’Spur. M1	AP-T	0.145 kg, 18 mm @ 490 m/s
	2cm Sp. Gß. M2	HE	0.137 kg/5 g TNT, 1 mm @ 495 m/s
	2cm Sp. Gß. M1	HE	0.137 kg/5.5 g TNT+0.5 g Pieretic, 1 mm @ 495 m/s
	2cm L’Spur. Br. Gß.	I-T	0.144 kg/11 g Shellac, 14 mm @ 490 m/s
	2cm Br. Gß.	I	0.137 kg/12 g Incendiary, 13 mm @ 490 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for 2cm Becker K. M2

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All front	7.5 mm @ ??°	Chrome Nickel
Sidewards
All front	5.5 mm @ ??°	Chrome Nickel
Rearwards
All front	7.5 mm @ ??°	Chrome Nickel
Upwards
All front	3.5 mm @ ??°	Chrome Nickel
Downwards
All front	??? mm @ ??°	Chrome Nickel

Crew
10	Total
1	Commander
1	Front Driver
1	Rear Driver
1	Gunner
2	Gun Loaders
2	Machine Gunners
2	Machine Gun Loaders

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - Bussing typ Otto
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	66 kW
	@ RPM	850
	Cylinder:	6
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	???
Road wheels:	4x4
	Type:	???
	Steering:	???

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	35.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	35.0 km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	6.5 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	240 km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
The Bussing A5P was Bussing’s competitor against Ehrhardt’s and Daimler’s design for an armored car, but lost against the Ehrhardt due to its excessive weight. Despite that, it and the Daimler were used throughout the First World War. In 1916, due to the static nature of the western front, the armored car was sent to the Romanian front, but by 1917 was relegated to training duties. During this period the Becker gun was tested and found unsatisfactory. It last saw service in Ukraine before the end of the war, where it then briefly ended up in the hands of the Freikorps before being decommissioned as a part of the Treaty of Versailles.

Variants & Changes:

None

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---

DZR 19

General
Name(s):	Panzerwagen Daimler Typ 19 (Pzw. DZR 19)
Type:	Armored car
Status:	Production
Derived From:	None
Derivatives:	Panzerwagen Daimler Typ 21 (Pz. Wg. DZVR 21)
Produced:	40	Production Date:	1919
Producer(s):	German Empire	40	1918-1919
	Daimler-Motoren-Gesselschuft	40	1918-1919
Used:	40	Service Date:	???
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)	1918-11/1918
	Freikorps (Free Corps)	1919-6/1919
	Sicherheitspolizei (Security Police)	1919-???
	Reichswehr (Realm Defense)	1919-16/3/1935
	Wehrmacht (Defense Force)	16/3/1935-???

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)
	???
	Freikorps (Free Corps)
	Bayerische Schützenbrigade 21	1919-6/1919	Disbanded
	Sicherheitspolizei (Security Police)
	???
	Reichswehr (Realm Defense)
	???
	Wehrmacht (Defense Force)
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	12.0 t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	??? m	??? m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	3,7cm Ta. K. 18 L/21,8 (120~)	Turret, Mechanical, -/+360° @ 25°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	??? rpm
5 x	M. G. 08 (6,000)	Rear Turret, Manual, -/+???° @ 60°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ 60°/s	500 rpm
		Sides, Manual, -/+???° @ 60°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ 60°/s	600 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
37 mm Gun
	3,7cm Pzgr.	APHE-T	0.67 kg/10 g Pent, 21 mm @ 494 m/s
	3,7cm L’Spur.-Gr. L/2,5	AP-T	0.47 kg, 23 mm @ 506m/s
	3,7cm L’Spur.-Gr. L/2,5 (St.)	AP-T	0.465 kg, 23 mm @ 506 m/s
	3,7cm Sprgr. L/2,5 (Kz.) M2	HE-BF	0.45 kg/40 g Pieretic, 12 mm @ 506 m/s
	3,7cm Sprgr. L/2,5 (Kz.) M1	HE	0.47 kg/42 g Pieretic, 5 mm @ 506 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for 3,7cm Ta. K. 18

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
All	4-12 mm @ ??°	RHA

Crew
12	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
1	Gun Loader, Machine Gunner, Machine Gun Loader
4	Machine Gunners
4	Machine Gun Loaders

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	200 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Mercedes
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	75 kW
	@ RPM	1,200
	Cylinder:	6
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	8-speed	8	2
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	???
Road wheels:	4x4
	Type:	Spoked
	Steering:	All wheels

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	65.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	8.5 km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	6.2 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
The DZR 19 was one of the numerous armored cars constructed during the revolutionary period. It first saw service within the Freikorps, up until their abolishment, and then in the Sicherheitspolizei as armored police cars. While not allowed to own them by treaty, they were sometimes loaned to the Reichswehr for usage. They survived up until the 1930s.

Variants & Changes:

None

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---

LIGHT TANKS

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---

LK II

General
Name(s):	Leichter Kampfwagen II (L. K. II)
Type:	Light tank
Status:	Production
Derived From:	Leichter Kampfwagen I
Derivatives:	Leichter Kampfwagen III
Produced:	24	Production Date:	7/1918-10/10/1918
Producer(s):	German Empire	24	7/1918-10/10/1918
	Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft	24	7/1918-10/10/1918
Used:	1	Service Date:	30/8/1918-9/1918
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)	30/8/1918-9/1918

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)
	Schwere Kampfwagen-Abteilung (A7V) Nr. 3	12/1917-11/1918	Disbanded

Dimensions
Weight:	9.7 t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	5.7 m	2.05 m	2.52 m
Ground Clearance:	40 cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
Prototype
1 x	Belg. 5,7cm K. (300~)	Casemate, Mechanical, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -10°/+15° @ ??°/s	15 rpm
Production
1 x	L. M. G. 08/15 (6,000)	Turret, Mechanical, -/+360° @ ??°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ 60°/s	500 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
57 mm Gun
	5,7cm Gr. m. P.	APHE	3.1 kg/120 g Fp. 02, 40 mm @ 487 m/s
	5,7cm Gr.	HE	2.8 kg/160 kg Fp. 02, 6 mm @ 487 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	2-3.5x zoom, for Belg. 5,7cm K.

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All front	14 mm @ ???°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	14 mm @ ???°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	12 mm @ ???°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	8 mm @ ???°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	3 mm @ ???°	RHA
Inwards
Fuel tank cover	8 mm	RHA

Crew
3	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner, Gun Loader

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	300 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Daimler-Benz M1910
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	45 KW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	4-speed	4	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Vertical spring
Road wheels:	???/4
	Type:	???
	Idlers:	???
Return rollers:	???
	Type:	???
Drive Sprockets:	2
	Type:	???

Tracks
Type:	Continuous linked steel
	Shoes:	???
	Length:	??? cm
	Width:	25 cm
	Pitch:	??? cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	??? m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	16.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	5.0 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	???°
Maximum Trench:	3.04 m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	70 km
	Mileage:	429 l/100 km

Summary
The L. K. II was Germany’s answer to the British Whippet, and also an attempt to solve the issue of their lackluster industrial capability that had been lagging the production of the A7V for over a year by that point. Two vehicles were meant to be made: a “female” machine gun tank and a “male” cannon tank. The first two prototypes were “males,” armed with the 5,7cm cannon found on A7Vs, but due to the intense kickback of the gun it was planned to install a 3,7cm cannon on production tanks. However, all production tanks that were made by the end of the war were “females.” They would never be operationally deployed before the end of the war and would either be scrapped or sold to comply with the Treaty of Versailles.

Variants & Changes:

• Prototype: armed with a 5,7cm gun in a casemate
• Production: armed with a machine gun in a turret

Variant Images

One of two prototypes.

Production vehicle.

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Renault FT

General
Name(s):	Panzerkampfwagen 18R 730 (f) (Pz. Kpfw. 18R 730 (f))
Type:	Light tank
Status:	Captured
Derived From:	None
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	3,728 (all models)	Production Date:	7/1917-10/10/1918
Producer(s):	French Republic	3,728	7/1917-10/10/1918
	Renault S.A	1,850~	???
	Berliet	800~	???
	SOMUA	600~	???
	Delaunay-Belleville	280~	???
Used:	???	Service Date:	1940-1945
User(s):	Wehrmacht (Defense Force)	1940-1945

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Wehrmacht (Defense Force)
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	6.7 t
Ground Pressure:	0.5 kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	5.0 m	1.74 m	2.14 m
Ground Clearance:	43 cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	3,7 cm Kw. K. 144 (f) (233)	Turret, Mechanical, -/+360° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -2°/+35° @ ??°/s	20 rpm

*German designation for the 37 S.A. mle 1918.

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
37 mm Gun
	OR 37 mle 1892	APHE	0.5 kg/15 g F3, 14 mm @ 388 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1916	HE	0.56 kg/30 g Melinite, 6 mm @ 365 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1888M	HE	0.455 kg/22 g F3, 5 mm @ 402 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ??? telescopic	Sight	??x zoom, for 3,7 cm Kw. K. 144 (f)

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Renault
Frontwards
All front	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	8 mm @ ???°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	6 mm @ ???°	RHA
Berliet-Girod
Frontwards
All front	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret front	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret side	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret rear	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	8 mm @ ???°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	6 mm @ ???°	RHA

Crew
2	Total
1	Commander, Gunner, Gun Loader
1	Driver

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	95 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Renault
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	29 kW
	@ RPM	1,500
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	4.5 l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Sliding 4-speed	4	1
Steering:	Clutch-break
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Vertical spring
Road wheels:	9/4
	Type:	Rigid non-spaced
	Idlers:	Front track
Return rollers:	6
	Type:	Rigid spaced
Drive Sprockets:	2
	Type:	15-tooth rear drive

Tracks
Type:	Continuous linked steel
	Shoes:	32
	Length:	??? cm
	Width:	34 cm
	Pitch:	??? cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	2 m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	8.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	4.3 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	26.5°
Maximum Trench:	1.35 m
Maximum Wall:	0.6 m
Maximum Fording:	70 cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	60 km
	Mileage:	158 l/100 km

Summary
Germany made extensive use of captured vehicles during the Second World War. Even captured Renault FT, which were still in service in France by that time, saw service as training vehicles and rear security vehicles against partisans. Captured Renault and Berliet-Girod turreted tanks were used.

Variants & Changes:

• 1917-1918: Girod-Renault turrets were replaced by Berliet-Girod cylindrical omnibus turrets in Berliet, SOMUA, and Delaunay-Belleville productions. This removed the cheekbones for a smooth face and uparmored to 22 mm thick. This was the most common type used and was produced alongside the Renault turret.
• 1917-1918: Girod-Renault turrets were replaced by Renault riveted omnibus turrets in Renault productions. This can be easily differentiated by the riveting and flat armor plates. This was installed approximately 1,147 tanks and was produced alongside the Berliet-Girod turret.

Variant Images

All three omnibus turrets in order from left to right: Girod-Renault, Renault, and Berliet-Girod.

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MEDIUM TANKS

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Treffas-Wagen

General
Name(s):	Treffas-Wagen
Type:	Wheeled tank
Status:	Prototype
Derived From:	None
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	1	Production Date:	9/1916-2/1917
Producer(s):	German Empire	1	9/1916-2/1917
	Hansa-Lloyd Werke AG	1	9/1916-2/1917
Used:	0	Service Date:	N/A
User(s):	N/A	N/A

Dimensions
Weight:	18.0 t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	6.0 m	??? m	3.0 m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
2 x	T. G. 18 (???)	???, ???, -/+???° @ ??°/s	???, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	12 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
13 mm Gun
	13mm S.	Ball	??? kg, ??? mm @ ??? m/s
	13mm S. m. K.	AP	0.515 kg, 27 mm @ 785 m/s
	13mm P. m. K.	API	??? kg/??? g, ??? mm @ ??? m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
2 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for T. G. 18

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
All	??? @ ??°	???

Crew
4	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
1	Gun Loader

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	???
	Type:	???
	Horsepower:	??? kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	???
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	???	???
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	???
Road wheels:	3x1
	Type:	Solid
	Steering:	Rear uni

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	10.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	??? kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
The Treffas-Wagen was one of Germany’s first attempts at creating a tank. It was developed and constructed by Hansa-Lloyd at the direction of the OHL, and having no experience in creating even an armored fighting vehicle and much less a tank, the wildly unconventional, even for the time, Treffas-Wagen was the model produced. However, after being tested against the mockup A7V, it was decided to cancel the project entirely due to it being a clearly insufficient model, and it was consequently scrapped by October of 1918.

Variants & Changes:

None

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HEAVY TANKS

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---

Mark IV

General
Name(s):	Sturmkampfwagen (Beute) (St. Kw. (Beute))	1/1918-8/1918
	schwerer Kampfwagen (Beute) (s. Kw. (Beute))	8/1918-
Type:	Heavy tank
Status:	Captured
Derived From:	Tank, Mark III
Derivatives:	Tank, Mark V
Produced:	1,220 [Females & Males]	Production Date:	3/1917-10/1918
Producer(s):	United Kingdom	1,220	3/1917-10/1918
	Metropolitan Carriage Wagon & Finance Co	820	???
	William Foster & Co.	100	???
	Sir W G Armstrong Whitworth Co. Ltd.	100	???
	Coventry Ordnance Works Ltd.	100	???
	Mirlees Watson Co.	50	???
	William Beardmore Co.	50	???
Used:	40~ [Females & Males]	Service Date:	1/1918-6/1919
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)	1/1918-11/1918
	Freikorps (Free Corps)	12/1918-6/1919

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)
	Kraftfahr-Ersatzabteilung Nr. 1	???	Disbanded
	Sturm-Panzer-Kraftwagen-Abteilung Nr. 12	8/3/1918-2/10/1918	↓Renamed↓
	Schwere Kampfwagen-Abteilung (Beute) Nr. 11	10/1918-11/1918	Disbanded
	Sturm-Panzer-Kraftwagen-Abteilung Nr. 12	13/3/1918-2/10/1918	↓Renamed↓
	Schwere Kampfwagen-Abteilung (Beute) Nr. 12	2/10/1918-11/1918	Disbanded
	Sturm-Panzer-Kraftwagen-Abteilung Nr. 13	5/2/1918-2/10/1918	↓Renamed↓
	Schwere Kampfwagen-Abteilung bayer. Nr. 13	2/10/1918-11/1918	Disbanded
	Sturm-Panzer-Kraftwagen-Abteilung Nr. 14	7/5/1918-2/10/1918	↓Renamed↓
	Schwere Kampfwagen-Abteilung (Beute) Nr. 14	2/10/1918-11/1918	Disbanded
	Sturm-Panzer-Kraftwagen-Abteilung Nr. 15	8/1918-2/10/1918	↓Renamed↓
	Schwere Kampfwagen-Abteilung (Beute) Nr. 15	2/10/1918-11/1918	Disbanded
	Sturm-Panzer-Kraftwagen-Abteilung Nr. 16	8/1918-2/10/1918	↓Renamed↓
	Schwere Kampfwagen-Abteilung (Beute) Nr. 16	2/10/1918-11/1918	Disbanded
	Bayerischer Armee-Kraftwagen-Park Nr. 20	1/1918-11/1918	Disbanded
	Freikorps (Free Corps)
	Freiwillinge Landjägerkorps	14/12/1918-6/1919	Merged

Dimensions
Weight:	28.0 t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	8.05 m	4.12 m	2.49 m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
Converted Female*
2 x	T. G. 18 (???)	Sponsons, Mechanical, -/+52.5° @ 15°/s	Manual, -6°/+12° @ 60°/s	12 rpm
3 x	M. G. 08 (???)	Fore Ballport, Manual, -/+45° @ 60°/s	Manual, -10°/+10° @ 60°/s	500 rpm
		Sponsons, Mechanical, -/+105° @ 60°/s	Manual, -10°/+10° @ 60°/s	500 rpm
Male
2 x	Q.F., Hotchkiss, 6-pr. 6-cwt., Mk. I/II (282)	Sponsons, Mechanical, -/+52.5° @ 15°/s	Mechanical, -6°/+12° @ 4°/s	20 rpm
3 x	.303-in Lewis Mk. I (4,500)	Fore Ballport, Manual, -/+45° @ 60°/s	Manual, -10°/+10° @ 60°/s	600 rpm
		Side Ballports, Manual, -/+45° @ 60°/s	Manual, -10°/+10° @ 60°/s	600 rpm
Converted Male #1**
2 x	Belg. 5,7cm K. (282)	Sponsons, Mechanical, -/+52.5° @ 15°/s	Mechanical, -6°/+12° @ 4°/s	15 rpm
3 x	M. G. 08 (4,500)	Fore Ballport, Manual, -/+45° @ 60°/s	Manual, -10°/+10° @ 60°/s	500 rpm
		Side Ballports, Manual, -/+45° @ 60°/s	Manual, -10°/+10° @ 60°/s	500 rpm
Converted Male #2***
2 x	Belg. 5,7cm K. (282)	Sponsons, Mechanical, -/+52.5° @ 15°/s	Mechanical, -6°/+12° @ 4°/s	15 rpm
3 x	.303-in Lewis Mk. I (4,500)	Fore Ballport, Manual, -/+45° @ 60°/s	Manual, -10°/+10° @ 60°/s	600 rpm
		Side Ballports, Manual, -/+45° @ 60°/s	Manual, -10°/+10° @ 60°/s	600 rpm
Converted Male #3****
2 x	Belg. 5,7cm K. (282)	Sponsons, Mechanical, -/+52.5° @ 15°/s	Mechanical, -6°/+12° @ 4°/s	15 rpm
1 x	T. G. 18 (???)	Fore Ballport, Manual, -/+45° @ 60°/s	Manual, -10°/+10° @ 60°/s	12 rpm
2 x	M. G. 08 (3,000)	Side Ballports, Manual, -/+45° @ 60°/s	Manual, -10°/+10° @ 60°/s	500 rpm

*No photo evidence, but British after-action reports claimed a converted female with T. G. 18 in forward sponsons.
**Most common alteration.
***Some kept the Lewis machine due to existing German captured stocks.
****Few installed a T. G. 18 in place of the forward machine gun.

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
6-pr. 6-cwt. Gun
	Q.F., 6-pr., M.D., Steel Shell, Mk. XIII	SAPHE	2.7 kg/15 g Lyddite, 37 mm @ 411 m/s
	Q.F., 6-pr., M.D., Common Shell, Mk. III	HE	2.7 kg/160 g TNT, 5 mm @ 411 m/s
57 mm Gun
	5,7cm Gr. m. P.	APHE	3.1 kg/120 g Fp. 02, 40 mm @ 487 m/s
	5,7cm Gr.	HE	2.8 kg/160 kg Fp. 02, 6 mm @ 487 m/s
13 mm Gun
	13mm S.	Ball	??? kg, ??? mm @ ??? m/s
	13mm S. m. K.	AP	0.515 kg, 27 mm @ 785 m/s
	13mm P. m. K.	API	??? kg/??? g, ??? mm @ ??? m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
Converted Female
2 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for T. G. 18
Male
2 x - ???	Sight	2-3.5x zoom, for 6-pr. 6-cwt.
Converted Male #1/2
2 x - ???	Sight	2-3.5x zoom, for Belg. 5,7cm K.
Converted Male #3
2 x - ???	Sight	2-3.5x zoom, for Belg. 5,7cm K.
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for T. G. 18

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
Lower frontal glacis	16 mm @ 61° (LoS 33 mm)	RHA
Lowest frontal glacis	16 mm @ 69° (LoS 45 mm)	RHA
Upper frontal glacis	16 mm @ 44° (LoS 22 mm)	RHA
Tower front	16 mm @ 0°	RHA
Sponson front	16 mm @ 30° (LoS 18 mm)	RHA
Sidewards
All side	12 mm @ 0°	RHA
Sponson lower side	12 mm @ 38° (LoS 15 mm)	RHA
Exhaust side	12 mm @ 34° (LoS 14 mm)	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	12 mm @ 0°	RHA
Tower rear	12 mm @ 34° (LoS 14 mm)	RHA
Sponson rear	12 mm @ 15° (LoS 12 mm)	RHA
Exhaust rear	12 mm @ 28° (LoS 14 mm)	RHA
Rear cover	12 mm @ 26° (LoS 13 mm)	RHA
Upwards
Roof	8 mm @ 0°	RHA
Front roof	8 mm @ 82°	RHA
Exhaust roof	8 mm @ 74°	RHA
Upper rear roof	8 mm @ 82°	RHA
Lower rear roof	12 mm @ 73°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	6 mm @ 0°	RHA
Inwards
Inner track-sponson	12 mm	RHA
Sponson stowage	12 mm	RHA
Engine wall	12 mm	RHA
Transmission cover	12 mm	RHA

Crew
7	Converted Female
1	Commander, Assistant Driver
1	Driver, Front Machine Gunner & Loader
1	Mechanic
2	Sponson Anti-Tank Riflemen
2	Sponson Anti-Tank Rifle Loaders, Side Machine Gunners & Loaders
7	Male & Converted Male #1/2
1	Commander, Assistant Driver
1	Driver, Front Machine Gunner & Loader
1	Mechanic
2	Sponson Gunners
2	Sponson Gun Loaders, Side Machine Gunners & Loaders
7	Converted Male #3
1	Commander, Assistant Driver
1	Driver, Front Anti-Tank Rifleman & Loader
1	Mechanic
2	Sponson Gunners
2	Sponson Gun Loaders, Side Machine Gunners & Loaders

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	265 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Daimler-Foster
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	78 kW
	@ RPM	1,000
	Cylinder:	6
	Capacity:	16 l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	3-speed	2	1
Steering:	Clutch-brake
Brakes:	Mechanical

Suspension
Type:	None
Road wheels:	26
	Type:	Rigid non-spaced
	Idlers:	Adjustable front track
Return rollers:	10
	Type:	Top track
Drive Sprockets:	2
	Type:	30-tooth rear drive

Tracks
Type:	Continuous linked steel
	Shoes:	90
	Length:	22.23 cm
	Width:	52.07 cm
	Pitch:	19.05 cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	??? m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	6.1 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	1.2 km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	2.8 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	3.5 m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	56 km
	Mileage:	590 l/100 km

Summary
Mark IV tanks were first encountered by Germany on the 7th of June, 1917, when they were deployed on an assault on Messines Ridge. However, the battle of Cambrai is when they first managed to capture some examples of the tank. It wouldn’t be until nearing the end of the year that they would be repaired by the Bayer. Armee-Kraftwagen-Park Nr. 20, where they would then first be deployed with German units starting from February of 1918; but, operational use of them wouldn’t start until months afterwards. They formed the bulk of the German tank force due to the insufficient production of A7Vs and were rearmed, at the very least with the cannons replaced by German cannons, but otherwise unchanged.

Two females would even see service as far as the German Revolution of 1919, where they a part of the Freiwillinge Landjägerkorps. They remained the last tanks in German control before the Treaty of Versailles banned them from having tanks.

Variants & Changes:

• 1917-1918: captured Mark IV rearmed with two Belg. 5,7cm K., and in various other secondary armament configurations

Variant Images

Mark IV undergoing modification at the Bayer. Armee-Kraftwagen-Park Nr. 20.

Colorized photograph of a modified Beutepanzer.

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A7V

General
Name(s):	Sturmkampfwagen A7V (St. Kw. A7V)	9/1917-8/1918
	schwerer Kampfwagen A7V (s. Kw. A7V)	8/1918-
Type:	Heavy tank
Status:	Production
Derived From:	None
Derivatives:	schwerer Kampfwagen A7V-U
Produced:	20	Production Date:	9/1917-1918
Producer(s):	German Empire	20	9/1917-1918
	Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft	20	9/1917-1918
Used:	20	Service Date:	10/1917-11/1918
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)	10/1917-11/1918

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)
	Sturm-Panzer-Kraftwagen-Abteilung Nr. 1	29/9/1917-2/10/1918	↓Renamed↓
	Schwere Kampfwagen-Abteilung (A7V) Nr. 1	10/1918-11/1918	Disbanded
	Sturm-Panzer-Kraftwagen-Abteilung Nr. 2	29/9/1917-31/8/1918	↑Merged↑
	Sturm-Panzer-Kraftwagen-Abteilung Nr. 3	5/2/1918-2/10/1918	↓Renamed↓
	Schwere Kampfwagen-Abteilung (A7V) Nr. 3	12/1917-11/1918	Disbanded

Dimensions
Weight:	30.0 t
Ground Pressure:	0.69 kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	8.0 m	3.05 m	3.4 m
Ground Clearance:	19-40 cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	Belg. 5,7cm K. (180)	Casemate, Mechanical, -/+45° @ 15°/s	Mechanical, -20°/+20° @ 4°/s	15 rpm
3 x	M. G. 08 (30,000)	Ballports, Manual, -/+45° @ 60°/s	Manual, -10°/+10° @ 60°/s	500 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
57 mm Gun
	5,7cm Gr. m. P.	APHE	3.1 kg/120 g Fp. 02, 40 mm @ 487 m/s
	5,7cm Gr.	HE	2.8 kg/160 kg Fp. 02, 6 mm @ 487 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	2-3.5x zoom, for Belg. 5,7cm K.

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
Upper front glacis	30 mm @ 25° (LoS 33 mm)	RHA
Lower frontal glacis	30 mm @ 48° (LoS 45 mm)	RHA
Tower front	15 mm @ 18° (LoS 16 mm)	RHA
Gun mantlet	30 mm @ 0-50°	CHA
Front viewports	20 mm @ 25° (LoS 22 mm)	RHA
Sidewards
All side	20 mm @ 12°	RHA
Tower side	15 mm @ 12°	RHA
Lower side hatches	15 mm @ 12°	RHA
Lower side covers	15 mm @ 0-12°	Unhardened
Rearwards
All rear	15 mm @ 25°	RHA
Lower rear glacis	15 mm @ 45° (LoS 21 mm)	RHA
Tower rear	15 mm @ 18° (LoS 16 mm)	RHA
Machine gun ports	20 mm @ 25° (LoS 22 mm)	RHA
Upwards
Roof	10 mm @ 82°	RHA
Center-tower roof	10 mm @ 0°	RHA
Grille	15 mm @ 82°	RHA
Upper rear roof	8 mm @ 82°	RHA
Lower rear roof	12 mm @ 73°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	20 mm @ 0°	Unhardened
Inwards
Fuel tank cover	10 mm	RHA
Ammunition stowage	5 mm	Unhardened
Engine wall	5 mm	Unhardened

Crew
18	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver, Mechanic
1	Mechanic, Signalman
1	Mechanic
1	Gunner
1	Gun Loader
6	Machine Gunners
6	Machine Gun Loaders

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	500 l
Engine(s):	2 x - Daimler 165-204 Typ 75 Kw.
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower (Total):	75 (149) kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	17 l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Adler 3-speed	3	3
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Vertical spring
Road wheels:	24/6
	Type:	Rigid non-spaced
	Idlers:	Front track
Return rollers:	0
	Type:	N/A
Drive Sprockets:	2
	Type:	19-tooth rear drive

Tracks
Type:	Continuous linked steel
	Shoes:	???
	Length:	??? cm
	Width:	??? cm
	Pitch:	??? cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	??? m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	12.1 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	6.3 km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	5.0 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	43°
Maximum Trench:	2.2 m
Maximum Wall:	0.45 m
Maximum Fording:	70 cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	80 km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
A7V was Germany’s first domestic tank and only (production) domestic tank during the First World War. Despite British tanks appearing en masse in 1916, design on a domestic German tank didn’t begin until 1917 when it became apparent that tanks were becoming a staple of the modern battlefield despite Germany’s numerous anti-tank weapons. Thus, the first A7V was only produced near the end of 1917, and it wouldn’t be until nearly midway through 1918 that any combat units would be ready to use them in battle. When deployed, they adopted all of the same problems that the first British tanks had: faulty and overworked components, poor visibility, and, despite the on-paper mobility, poor speed and prone to getting stuck within the muddy terrain of the Western Front. Worse yet, the lack of initiative from the OHL and most of the German industries being diverted to other war material left the production of the A7Vs sorely lacking: a mere 20 tanks, alongside the around 40 Beutepanzers, against the literally thousands of Entente tanks produced throughout the war.

Consequently of the three A7V battalions organized by the start of their March offensives, they would be left with only one operational battalion by the end of the war. The last operation of an A7V-derivative, a converted Überlandwagen, took place during the German Revolution of 1919 in the hands of the Freikorps in order to suppress the communist uprisings. It was also the last tank, alongside two female Beutepanzer, to be in German hands before they were forced to turn it over to the Entente due to the Treaty of Versailles.

Variants & Changes:

• A7V-U: See below.

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A7V-U

General
Name(s):	Sturmkampfwagen A7V-U (St. Kw. A7V)	6/1918-8/1918
	schwerer Kampfwagen A7V-U (s. Kw. A7V)	8/1918-
Type:	Heavy tank
Status:	Prototype
Derived From:	A7V
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	1	Production Date:	1918-6/1918
Producer(s):	German Empire	1	1918-6/1918
	Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft	1	1918-6/1918
Used:	0	Service Date:	N/A
User(s):	N/A	N/A

Dimensions
Weight:	39.6 t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	8.38 m	3.06 m	3.14 m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
2 x	Belg. 5,7cm K. (???)	Sponsons, Mechanical, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	15 rpm
?? x	L. M. G. 08/15 (???)	???, Manual, -/+???° @ 60°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ 60°/s	500 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
57 mm Gun
	5,7cm Gr. m. P.	APHE	3.1 kg/120 g Fp. 02, 40 mm @ 487 m/s
	5,7cm Gr.	HE	2.8 kg/160 kg Fp. 02, 6 mm @ 487 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
2 x - ???	Sight	2-3.5x zoom, for Belg. 5,7cm K.

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All front	30 mm @ ??°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	20 mm @ ??°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	??? mm @ ??°	RHA

Crew
7	Total
7	???

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	500 l
Engine(s):	2 x - Daimler 165-204 Type 150 Kw.
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower (Total):	112 (224) kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Vertical spring
Road wheels:	???
	Type:	???
	Idlers:	???
Return rollers:	???
	Type:	???
Drive Sprockets:	???
	Type:	???

Tracks
Type:	???
	Shoes:	???
	Length:	??? cm
	Width:	??? cm
	Pitch:	??? cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	??? m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	12.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	5.6 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	???°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
Despite the A7V’s on-paper better mobility than contemporary British tanks, it suffered from a lack of mobility over the beaten terrain of the Western Front due to their top-heaviness and track layout. To rectify that, the layout and suspension of the British Marks were copied in spirit and used to create an A7V-based tank based on the British layout. One prototype of this A7V-U was completed and despite some issues, namely its heavier weight, twenty tanks were ordered before the end of the war albeit none would enter production before the end of it.

Variants & Changes:

None

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---

Großkampfwagen

General
Name(s):	Großkampfwagen (G. K.-Wagen)
Type:	Heavy tank
Status:	Partial Prototype
Derived From:	None
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	0 (2)	Production Date:	6/1917-Uncompleted
Producer(s):	German Empire	0 (2)	6/1917-Uncompleted
	Wegmann & Co.	0 (2)	6/1917-Uncompleted
Used:	0	Service Date:	N/A
User(s):	N/A	N/A

Dimensions
Weight:	120 t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	12.7 m	6.1 m	3.0 m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
4 x	7,7cm F. G. L/27 (800)	Sponsons, Mechanical, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -15°/+30° @ ??°/s	?? rpm
7 x	L. M. G. 08/15 (21,000)	Ballports, Manual, -/+???° @ 60°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ 60°/s	500 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
77 mm Gun
	7,7cm K. Gr. 15 m. P.	APHE	6.85 kg/230 g Fp. 02, 52 mm @ 470 m/s
	7,7cm K. Gr. 15 m. P. m. L.	APHE-T	7 kg/230 g Fp. 02, 52 mm @ 465 m/s
	7,7cm K. Gr. 16	HE-TF/SAPHE	6.25 kg/700 g Amatol, 11/33 mm @ 480 m/s
	7,7cm L. F. K. Gr.	HE-TF	7.18 kg/930 g Amatol, ??? mm @ 465 m/s
	7,7cm Kt.	Cn	6.65 kg, 475 m/s
	7,7cm K. Gr. 16 (N.)	Sm	6.25 kg/400 g Fp. 02-100 g Sm Mix, 480 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
4 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for 7,7cm F. G.

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All front	40 mm @ ??°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	30 mm @ ??°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	20 mm @ ??°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	20 mm @ ??°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	10 mm @ ??°	RHA

Crew
27	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Assistant Driver
2	Mechanics
1	Signalman, Mechanic
1	Artillery Officer
4	Gunners
8	Gun Loaders
6	Machine Gunners, Machine Gun Loaders
1	Machine Gunner
1	Machine Gun Loader

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	2 x - Daimler-Benz Naval
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower (Total):	485 (969) kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	???
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Electromagnetic	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	None
Road wheels:	???
	Type:	???
	Idlers:	???
Return rollers:	???
	Type:	???
Drive Sprockets:	???
	Type:	???

Tracks
Type:	???
	Shoes:	???
	Length:	??? cm
	Width:	??? cm
	Pitch:	??? cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	??? m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	7.5 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	8.1 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	???°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
The G. K.-Wagen begin development before the A7V had even been completed, and it was already ordered by mid-1917. However, construction was slow and lagged to the end of the war, where two G. K.-Wagen were only partially completed.

Variants & Changes:

None

---

---

SELF-PROPELLED GUNS

---

---

Marienwagen II

General
Name(s):	Marienwagen II
Type:	Self-propelled gun on semi-tracked truck
Status:	Production
Derived From:	Marienwagen I
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	44	Production Date:	1918
Producer(s):	German Empire	44	1918
	Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft	44	1918
Used:	44	Service Date:	1918-???
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)	1918-11/1918
	Freikorps (Free Corps)	12/1918-6/1919
	Reichswehr (Realm Defense)	???

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)
	???
	Freikorps (Free Corps)
	???
	Reichswehr (Realm Defense)
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	10.4 t*
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	6.53 m	2.01 m	3.0 m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

*This is an estimate based off of the weight of the semi-tracked truck itself, plus the weight of the gun.

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	5,7cm Hotchkiss L/40 (???)	Pedestal, Manual, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Manual, -15°/+80° @ ??°/s	25 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
57 mm Gun
	5,7cm Gr. m. P.	APHE	3.1kg/120 g Fp. 02, 47 mm @ 550 m/s
	5,7cm Gr.	HE	2.75 kg/160 g Fp. 02, 5 mm @ 554 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for 5,7cm Hotchkiss

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
All	??? mm @ ??°	???

Crew
4	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
1	Gun Loader

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - Daimler LA1264
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	34 kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	7.24 l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
—	—	—
Wheels
Type:	???
Road wheels:	2x2
	Type:	Spoked
	Steering:	Front wheels
Tracks
Type:	???
Road wheels:	8/2
	Type:	???
	Idlers:	???
Return rollers:	0
	Type:	N/A
Drive Sprockets:	2
	Type:	Toothless forward-rear drive

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	10.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	3.2 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
The Marienwagen II was a small production run of utility halftracks. Their production lasted into 1919 and their service into the Reichswehr era, along with some limited export to countries like Latvia. At least one was turned into a carrier for a 5,7cm gun by the removal of the canvas covering.

Variants & Changes:

None

---

---

ANTI-AIRCRAFT VEHICLES

---

---

Daimler MG M1914

General
Name(s):	Daimler M. G.-Wagen 1914
Type:	Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun
Status:	Production
Derived From:	Daimler Panzerautomobil 1909
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	???	Production Date:	1914
Producer(s):	German Empire	???	1914
	Daimler-Motoren-Gesselschuft	???	1914
Used:	???	Service Date:	???
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)	1914-1915

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)
	Kw.-M. G.-Zug. Nr.1	1914-1915	Disbanded

Dimensions
Weight:	??? t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	??? m	??? m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
3 x	[7,92mm] M. G. 08 (20,000)	Pedestal, Manual, -/+180° @ 60°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ 60°/s	500 rpm
		Rear, Manual, -/+???° @ 60°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ 60°/s	500 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
7.92 mm Gun
	???

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for M. G. 08.

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
All	??? mm @ ??°	RHA

Crew
??	Total
??	???

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	200 l
Engine(s):	1 x - ???
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	??? kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	???
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	???
Road wheels:	???
	Type:	???
	Steering:	???

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	??? km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	??? kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
The Daimler MG wagon first appeared in 1914 by being converted from their earlier panzerautomobils. It featured two low-angle machine guns in the rear for anti-infantry purposes and a single high-angle machine gun in the middle for anti-aircraft purposes.

Variants & Changes:

None

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---

Ehrhardt 3,7cm M1905

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun on car
Status:	Prototype
Derived From:	Ehrhardt-Décauville 16/20 PS
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	1	Production Date:	1905
Producer(s):	German Empire	1	1905
	Heinrich Ehrhardt Automobilwerke AG	1	1905
Used:	0	Service Date:	N/A
User(s):	N/A	N/A

Dimensions
Weight:	3.2 t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	??? m	??? m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	3,7cm Bak. (???)	Pedestal, Mechanical, -/+180° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	??? rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
??? mm Gun
	???

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for 3,7cm Bak.

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
All	None	N/A

Crew
4	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
1	Gun Loader

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - ???
	Type:	???
	Horsepower:	15 kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	???
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Chain drive	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	???
Road wheels:	???
	Type:	???
	Steering:	???

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	??? km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	4.6 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
Observation balloons had made their threat to armies prevalent during the late 19th century, to deadly consequences for those that aren’t able to counter them. During the 1900s, this idea was expanded upon to include self-propelled counters and the Ehrhardt 3,7cm M1905 was among the first of these. It also served the precursor for the rest of Ehrhardt’s anti-balloon gun cars during this period.

Variants & Changes:

None

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---

Ehrhardt-Rheinmentall 5cm M1906

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun on armored car
Status:	Prototype
Derived From:	Ehrhardt 31/60 PS
Derivatives:	Ehrhardt 5cm M1907
Produced:	1	Production Date:	1906
Producer(s):	German Empire	1	1906
	Heinrich Ehrhardt Automobilwerke AG	1	1906
Used:	0	Service Date:	N/A
User(s):	N/A	N/A

Dimensions
Weight:	3.2 t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	??? m	??? m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	Rheinmentall 5cm Bak. L/30 (100)	Pedestal, Mechanical, -/+30° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -5°/+43° @ ??°/s	??? rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
50 mm Gun
	???	Sh-TF	2.4 kg/40 g ??? & 128 8 g Balls & 36 9 g Balls, ??? mm @ 450 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for Rheinmentall 5cm Bak. L/30

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All	3 mm @ ??°	???
Sidewards
All	3 mm @ ??°	???
Rearwards
All	3 mm @ ??°	???
Upwards
All	3 mm @ ??°	???
Downwards
All	??? mm @ ??°	???

Crew
5	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
2	Gun Loaders

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - Ehrhardt
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	37 kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Chain drive	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Leaf spring
Road wheels:	4x2
	Type:	Solid with rubber tire
	Steering:	Front wheel

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	45.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	11.5 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	22°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
In 1906, Ehrhardt took his concept of a self-propelled anti-balloon gun by mounting it on a completely armored concept, a novel concept for the time which is also one of the reasons for why it was rejected. For the military, there was no reason to armor a gun meant to deal with a balloon that doesn’t have any armaments of its own. That, and the limited firing angles of the gun, forced him to redesign the car into the 5cm M1907.

Variants & Changes:

• Ehrhardt 5cm M1907: See below.

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---

Ehrhardt-Rheinmentall 5cm M1907

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun on armored car
Status:	Prototype
Derived From:	Ehrhardt 5cm M1906
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	1	Production Date:	1907
Producer(s):	German Empire	1	1907
	Heinrich Ehrhardt Automobilwerke AG	1	1907
Used:	0	Service Date:	N/A
User(s):	N/A	N/A

Dimensions
Weight:	??? t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	??? m	??? m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	Rheinmentall 5cm Bak. L/30 (???)	Pedestal, Mechanical, -/+180° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -5°/+70° @ ??°/s	??? rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
50 mm Gun
	???	Sh-TF	2.4 kg/40 g ??? & 128 8 g Balls & 36 9 g Balls, ??? mm @ 450 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for Rheinmentall 5cm Bak. L/30

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All	3 mm @ ??°	???
Sidewards
All	3 mm @ ??°	???
Rearwards
All	3 mm @ ??°	???
Downwards
All	??? mm @ ??°	???

Crew
5	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
2	Gun Loaders

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - Ehrhardt
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	37 kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Chain drive	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Leaf spring
Road wheels:	4x2
	Type:	Solid with rubber tire
	Steering:	Front wheel

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	45.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	??? kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
In order to solve the core issue of the Ehrhardt 5cm M1906, the upper armored chassis was removed and the gun was replaced into an open mount. While this gave it far better firing angles to the military’s satisfaction, the armored part of the car was still seen as unnecessarily expensive. As a result, the design was still rejected despite the changes.

Variants & Changes:

None

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---

Ehrhardt-Rheinmentall 5cm M1908

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun on armored car
Status:	Prototype
Derived From:	Ehrhardt W33 31/45 PS
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	1	Production Date:	1908
Producer(s):	German Empire	1	1908
	Heinrich Ehrhardt Automobilwerke AG	1	1908
Used:	0	Service Date:	N/A
User(s):	N/A	N/A

Dimensions
Weight:	??? t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	??? m	??? m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	Rheinmentall 5cm Bak. L/30 (???)	Pedestal, Mechanical, -/+180° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -5°/+70° @ ??°/s	??? rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
50 mm Gun
	???	Sh-TF	2.4 kg/40 g ??? & 128 8 g Balls & 36 9 g Balls, ??? mm @ 450 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for Rheinmentall 5cm Bak. L/30

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
All	None	N/A

Crew
5	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
2	Gun Loaders

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - Ehrhardt
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	33 kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	???
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	???
Road wheels:	???
	Type:	???
	Steering:	Rear wheel

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	??? km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	??? kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
Likely due to the criticisms leveled at the 5cm M1906 and the M1907 for being unnecessarily armored, Ehrhardt built a new model in 1908 that was unarmored. It retained the same gun, but the chassis used was otherwise unchanged. This was a bit to its detriment as the bed of the truck was too small to use anything larger than a 5cm effectively and even the 5cm struggled to shoot sidewards due to the instability of the chassis. The cross-country capability was poor and the on-the-move-firing capability proved impossible due to that. It was presented to the Austro-Hungarians, but was rejected for purchase and production.

Variants & Changes:

None

---

---

Ehrhardt-Rheinmentall 6,5cm M1910

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun on armored car
Status:	Prototype
Derived From:	Ehrhardt Lafette 36/70 PS
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	4	Production Date:	1910
Producer(s):	German Empire	4	1910
	Heinrich Ehrhardt Automobilwerke AG	4	1910
Used:	0	Service Date:	N/A
User(s):	N/A	N/A

Dimensions
Weight:	??? t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	??? m	??? m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	Rheinmentall 6,5cm Bak. L/35 (???)	Pedestal, Mechanical, -/+180° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	??? rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
65 mm Gun
	???

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for Rheinmentall 6,5cm Bak. L/35

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
All	None	N/A

Crew
5	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
2	Gun Loaders

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - Ehrhardt
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	51 kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	???
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	???
Road wheels:	4x4
	Type:	Spoked
	Steering:	All wheels

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	??? km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	??? kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
By 1910, the 5cm guns no longer had the range required by the German military. Due to that, a new 6,5cm gun was developed and placed onto an unarmored chassis with three or four models produced. While this satisfied the range aspects at the time, the new requirements also laid out the need for an armored carriage so that the cars would be able to move offensively with frontline units which the unarmored chassis did not satisfy.

Variants & Changes:

None

---

---

Ehrhardt-Rheinmentall 7,7cm M1912

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun on armored car
Status:	Prototype
Derived From:	Ehrhardt Lafette 36/70 PS
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	4	Production Date:	1912
Producer(s):	German Empire	4	1912
	Heinrich Ehrhardt Automobilwerke AG	4	1912
Used:	4	Service Date:	1912-???
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)	1912-???

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	??? t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	??? m	??? m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	Rheinmentall 7,7cm Bak. L/30 (???)	Pedestal, Mechanical, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	??? rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
77 mm Gun
	7,7cm Br. Schr. Gr.	ShI-TF	6.8 kg/167 g Blackpowder, ??? mm @ ??? m/s
	7,7cm F. Schr. 96 (umg.)	Sh-TF	7 kg/100 g Blackpowder, ??? mm @ ??? m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for Rheinmentall 7,7cm Bak. L/30

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Unarmored
Frontwards
All	None	N/A
Armored
Frontwards
All	5 mm @ ??°	???
Sidewards
All	5 mm @ ??°	???
Rearwards
All	5 mm @ ??°	???
Downwards
All	??? mm @ ??°	???

Crew
5	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
2	Gun Loaders

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - Ehrhardt
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	51 kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	???
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	???
Road wheels:	4x4
	Type:	Spoked
	Steering:	All wheels

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	??? km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	??? kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
By 1912, the German requirements for a self-propelled anti-balloon gun had become solidified. It had to be armored and use the now standardized 7,7cm gun, allowing it to move offensively with frontline units while also having the range to deal with the increasingly large balloons. The first models only satisfied one of those requirements, as they used the same unarmored chassis that the 6,5cm M1910 had used, but at least one model was built on a semi-armored chassis to satisfy the requirement. These would be template for all of Ehrhardt’s self-propelled anti-aircraft guns during the war. The only problem is that the gun would quickly start to lose its edge against the increasingly fast and deadly fixed-wing aircraft.

Variants & Changes:

• 1912: At least one gun was mounted onto a semi-armored chassis.

Variant Images

*An Ehrhardt semi-armored chassis with a 7,7cm gun.

---

---

Ehrhardt-Rheinmentall 7,7cm M1914

General
Name(s):	Rheinmetall 7,7cm leichte Kraftwagen Bak. L/27 (Rheinmetall 7,7cm l. Kw. Bak. L/27)	1914-1916
	Rheinmetall 7,7cm leichte Kraftwagen Flak. L/27 (Rheinmetall 7,7cm l. Kw. Flak. L/27)	1916-11/1918
Type:	Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun
Status:	Production
Derived From:	Ehrhardt Kraftwagen 14 (Kw. 14)
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	40	Production Date:	1914-1917
Producer(s):	German Empire	40	1914-1917
	Heinrich Ehrhardt Automobilwerke AG	40	1914-1917
Used:	40	Service Date:	1914-11/1918
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)	1914-11/1918

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	7.03 t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	??? m	??? m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	Rheinmetall 7,7cm Flak. L/27* (60)	Pedestal, Mechanical, -/+180° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	20 rpm

*Were designated Bak. until 1916.

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
77 mm Gun
	7,7cm K. Gr. 15 m. P. m. L.	APHE-T	7 kg/230 g Fp. 02, 52 mm @ 465 m/s
	7,7cm K. Gr. 15 m. P.	APHE	6.85 kg/230 g Fp. 02, 52 mm @ 470 m/s
	7,7cm K. Gr. 16	HE-TF/SAPHE	6.25 kg/700 g Amatol, 11/33 mm @ 480 m/s
	7,7cm Br. Schr. Gr.	ShI-TF	6.8 kg/167 g Blackpowder, ??? mm @ 470 m/s
	7,7cm F. Schr. 96 (umg.)	Sh-TF	7 kg/100 g Blackpowder, ??? mm @ 465 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for Rheinmentall 7,7cm Flak.

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All front	3.5-5 mm @ ??°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	3.5-5 mm @ ??°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	3.5-5 mm @ ??°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	??? mm @ ??°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	??? mm @ ??°	RHA

Crew
4	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
1	Gun Loader

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - Ehrhardt
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	60 kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	???
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	???
Road wheels:	4x4
	Type:	Spoked
	Steering:	All wheels

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	60.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	8.5 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
Only a token amount of self-propelled anti-aircraft guns had been made prior to the First World War. The commencement of it led to Germany ordering 40 self-propelled anti-aircraft guns from both Daimler and Ehrhardt, to be based on their respective Plattformkraftwagen Kw. 14 chassis. These were largely identical aside from superficial differences, namely that the Ehrhardt sported flat radiator guards while the Daimler was angular, and that the former used a Rheinmetall gun while the latter used a Krupp gun. These were in use throughout the war, with 105 of both types built by 1917 and 85 individual batteries being organized by the end of the war. A variant with a slightly larger 8 cm gun would see service with Austro-Hungary.

Variants & Changes:

• 1915: The gun shield was removed, the hood was simplified, and the railway tires were removed in order to reduce weight.

Variant Images

Remodeled Ehrhardt-Rheinmetall version with gunshield removed.

---

---

Ehrhardt-Henschel 7,62cm M1918

General
Name(s):	7,62cm leichte Kraftwagen Flak. L/31.5 (7,62cm l. Kw. Flak. L/31.5)
Type:	Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun
Status:	Production
Derived From:	Ehrhardt Lafette 36/70 PS
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	50	Production Date:	1918
Producer(s):	German Empire	40	1918
	Henschel und Sohn AG	40	1918
Used:	40	Service Date:	1914-11/1918
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)	1914-11/1918

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	??? t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	??? m	??? m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	7,62cm Flak. L/31.5 (???)	Pedestal, Mechanical, -/+180° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -0°/+70° @ ??°/s	15 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
76.2 mm Gun
	???

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for 7,62cm Flak. L/31.5

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All front	3.5-5 mm @ ??°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	3.5-5 mm @ ??°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	3.5-5 mm @ ??°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	??? mm @ ??°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	??? mm @ ??°	RHA

Crew
4	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
1	Gun Loader

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - Ehrhardt
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	51 kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	???
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	???
Road wheels:	4x4
	Type:	Spoked
	Steering:	All wheels

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	60.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	??? kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
In 1918, an additional order for fifty Kraftwagen Flak. from Daimler was made, though this time they were built with Henschel guns based off of captured Russian guns of the same size. The chassis used was the 36/70, used for the earlier 6,5cm M1910 and 7,7cm M1912 guns.

Variants & Changes:

None

---

---

Krupp-Daimler 6,5cm M1908

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun on armored car
Status:	Prototype
Derived From:	Daimler Plattformwagen 28/52 PS
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	1	Production Date:	1908
Producer(s):	German Empire	???	1908
	Friedrich Krupp AG	1	1908
Used:	0	Service Date:	N/A
User(s):	N/A	N/A

Dimensions
Weight:	??? t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	??? m	??? m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	Krupp 6,5cm Bak. L/35 (???)	Pedestal, Mechanical, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+65° @ ??°/s	??? rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
65 mm Gun
	???

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for Krupp 6,5cm Bak. L/35

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
Engine front	3.5 mm @ ??°	???
Sidewards
Engine side	3.5 mm @ ??°	???
Upwards
Engine roof	3.5 mm @ ??°	???
Downwards
All	??? mm @ ??°	???

Crew
??	Total
??	???

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - ???
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	38 kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	???
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	???
Road wheels:	???
	Type:	???
	Steering:	???

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	??? km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	??? kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
While Ehrhardt pursued turreted solutions for a self-propelled anti-aircraft gun, Krupp’s first attempt took a more conventional solution by mounting the anti-balloon gun as is onto a fixed mount, and using the vehicle itself. However, this came with the obvious problem that it could be difficult to find the right angle to turn the truck to, and since the concept of self-propelled artillery hasn’t become common yet, the design was rejected.

Variants & Changes:

None

---

---

Krupp-Daimler 7,7 M1909

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun on armored car
Status:	Prototype
Derived From:	Daimler Plattformwagen 28/52
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	1	Production Date:	1909
Producer(s):	German Empire	1	1909
	Friedrich Krupp AG	1	1909
Used:	0	Service Date:	N/A
User(s):	N/A	N/A

Dimensions
Weight:	??? t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	??? m	??? m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	Krupp 7,7cm Bak. L/27 (???)	Pedestal, Mechanical, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+80° @ ??°/s	??? rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
77 mm Gun
	7,7cm Br. Schr. Gr.	ShI-TF	6.8 kg/167 g Blackpowder, ??? mm @ 470 m/s
	7,7cm F. Schr. 96 (umg.)	Sh-TF	7 kg/100 g Blackpowder, ??? mm @ 465 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for Krupp 7,7cm Bak. L/27

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All	??? mm @ ??°	N/A
Sidewards
All	??? mm @ ??°	N/A
Rearwards
All	??? mm @ ??°	N/A
Downwards
All	??? mm @ ??°	N/A

Crew
4	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
1	Gun Loader

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - ???
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	??? kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	???
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	???
Road wheels:	4x4
	Type:	???
	Steering:	All

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	??? km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	??? kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
The design was the first Krupp-Daimler experiment with a turreted gun, a departure from the fixed gun attempt they had made the year prior. It performed better than Ehrhardt’s own truck-based anti-aircraft gun, but still remained only a prototype while another more armored design was produced. However, the 7,7cm gun would become the standard for German anti-balloon and large-caliber anti-aircraft guns going into the First World War.

Variants & Changes:

None

---

---

Krupp-Daimler 7,7cm M1909/1910

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun on armored car
Status:	Prototype
Derived From:	Daimler Plattformwagen 28/52
Derivatives:	Krupp-Daimler 7,7cm M1910/1911
Produced:	2	Production Date:	1909-1910
Producer(s):	German Empire	2	1909-1910
	Friedrich Krupp AG	2	1909-1910
Used:	0	Service Date:	N/A
User(s):	N/A	N/A

Dimensions
Weight:	??? t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	??? m	??? m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	Krupp 7,7cm Bak. L/27 (???)	Pedestal, Mechanical, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	??? rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
77 mm Gun
	7,7cm Br. Schr. Gr.	ShI-TF	6.8 kg/167 g Blackpowder, ??? mm @ 470 m/s
	7,7cm F. Schr. 96 (umg.)	Sh-TF	7 kg/100 g Blackpowder, ??? mm @ 465 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for Krupp 7,7cm Bak. L/27

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All	5 mm @ ??°	N/A
Sidewards
All	5 mm @ ??°	N/A
Rearwards
All	5 mm @ ??°	N/A
Upwards
All	5 mm @ ??°	N/A
Downwards
All	??? mm @ ??°	N/A

Crew
4	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
1	Gun Loader

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - Daimler
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	??? kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	???
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Leaf spring
Road wheels:	4x4
	Type:	Solid (front) or pneumatic (rear) with rubber tire
	Steering:	All

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	40.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	??? kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
The effectiveness of the M1909 prompted them to try to improve it by armoring the truck. However, this proved to be too radical of a change as the armor overloaded the chassis, albeit the all-wheel drive did help in reducing that effect. Another problem was the lack of visibility that the gunner had, which could make firing ineffective, and that the cramped turret made loading difficult. To solve part of these issues, one of the two vehicles was modified into the 7,7cm M1911.

Variants & Changes:

• 7,7cm M1910/1911: See below.

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---

Krupp-Daimler 7,7cm M1910/1911

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun on armored car
Status:	Prototype
Derived From:	Krupp-Daimler 7,7cm M1909/1910
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	???	Production Date:	1911
Producer(s):	German Empire	???	1911
	Friedrich Krupp AG	???	1911
Used:	0	Service Date:	N/A
User(s):	N/A	N/A

Dimensions
Weight:	??? t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	??? m	??? m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	Krupp 7,7cm Bak. L/27 (???)	Pedestal, Mechanical, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	??? rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
77 mm Gun
	7,7cm Br. Schr. Gr.	ShI-TF	6.8 kg/167 g Blackpowder, ??? mm @ 470 m/s
	7,7cm F. Schr. 96 (umg.)	Sh-TF	7 kg/100 g Blackpowder, ??? mm @ 465 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for Krupp 7,7cm Bak. L/27

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All	5 mm @ ??°	N/A
Sidewards
All	5 mm @ ??°	N/A
Rearwards
All	5 mm @ ??°	N/A
Upwards
All	5 mm @ ??°	N/A
Downwards
All	??? mm @ ??°	N/A

Crew
4	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
1	Gun Loader

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - Daimler
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	??? kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	???
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Leaf spring
Road wheels:	4x4
	Type:	Solid (front) or pneumatic (rear) with rubber tire
	Steering:	All

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	40.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	??? kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
In an attempt to solve the problems of the 7,7cm M1909/1910, the upper sections of the armor were removed. This would have improved the visibility for the gunner and lightened the burden on the chassis, but evidently it wasn’t enough as the subsequent models took the lighter armoring even further.

Variants & Changes:

None

---

---

Krupp-Daimler 7,7cm M1911

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun on armored car
Status:	Prototype
Derived From:	Daimler Plattformwagen 28/52
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	1	Production Date:	1911
Producer(s):	German Empire	1	1911
	Friedrich Krupp AG	1	1911
Used:	???	Service Date:	???
User(s):	???	???

Dimensions
Weight:	??? t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	??? m	??? m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	Krupp 7,7cm Bak. L/27 (???)	Pedestal, Mechanical, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	??? rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
77 mm Gun
	7,7cm Br. Schr. Gr.	ShI-TF	6.8 kg/167 g Blackpowder, ??? mm @ 470 m/s
	7,7cm F. Schr. 96 (umg.)	Sh-TF	7 kg/100 g Blackpowder, ??? mm @ 465 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for Krupp 7,7cm Bak. L/27

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All	??? mm @ ??°	N/A
Sidewards
All	??? mm @ ??°	N/A
Rearwards
All	??? mm @ ??°	N/A
Downwards
All	??? mm @ ??°	N/A

Crew
4	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
1	Gun Loader

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - ???
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	??? kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	???
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	???
Road wheels:	???
	Type:	???
	Steering:	???

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	??? km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	??? kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
The 7,7cm M1911 took the lessons from the 7,7cm M1909/1910 and the M1910/1911 and took them further. The chassis was even more lightened in comparison, with the cab and the turret only being covered by a short armored wall compared to the previous versions. This was evidently considered acceptable in some form, as at least the subsequent and nearly identical 7,7cm M1912 saw service in the First World War.

Variants & Changes:

None

---

---

Krupp-Daimler 7,5cm M1912

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun on armored car
Status:	Prototype
Derived From:	Daimler Plattformwagen 28/52
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	1	Production Date:	1912
Producer(s):	German Empire	1	1912
	Friedrich Krupp AG	1	1912
Used:	1	Service Date:	1912-???
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)	1912-???

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	??? t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	??? m	??? m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	Krupp 7,5cm Bak. L/35 (???)	Pedestal, Mechanical, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	??? rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
75 mm Gun
	???

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for Krupp 7,5cm Bak. L/35

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All	??? mm @ ??°	N/A
Sidewards
All	??? mm @ ??°	N/A
Rearwards
All	??? mm @ ??°	N/A
Downwards
All	??? mm @ ??°	N/A

Crew
4	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
1	Gun Loader

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - ???
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	??? kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	???
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	???
Road wheels:	???
	Type:	???
	Steering:	???

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	??? km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	??? kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
The 7,5cm M1912 was effectively a 7,7cm M1911 with a different gun, albeit there are minor differences in their frames and turrets between them. It at least saw service with the army up to 1914 in France, but the design wouldn’t carry over into the mass-production 7,7cm M1914 aside from the most superficial of aspects.

Variants & Changes:

None

---

---

Krupp-Daimler 7,7cm M1914

General
Name(s):	Krupp 7,7cm leichte Kraftwagen Bak. L/27 (Krupp 7,7cm l. Kw. Bak. L/27)	1914-1916
	Krupp 7,7cm leichte Kraftwagen Flak. L/27 (Krupp 7,7cm l. Kw. Flak. L/27)	1916-11/1918
Type:	Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun on artillery tractor
Status:	Production
Derived From:	Daimler Kraftwagen 14 (Kw. 14)
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	57	Production Date:	1914-1917
Producer(s):	German Empire	57	1914-1917
	Friedrich Krupp AG	57	1914-1917
Used:	57	Service Date:	1914-11/1918
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)	1914-11/1918

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	7.03 t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	??? m	??? m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
Krupp
1 x	Krupp 7,7cm Flak. L/27* (60)	Pedestal, Mechanical, -/+180° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	20 rpm
Rheinmentall
1 x	Rheinmentall 7,7cm Flak. L/27* (60)	Pedestal, Mechanical, -/+180° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	20 rpm

*Were designated Bak. until 1916.

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
77 mm Gun
	7,7cm K. Gr. 15 m. P. m. L.	APHE-T	7 kg/230 g Fp. 02, 52 mm @ 465 m/s
	7,7cm K. Gr. 15 m. P.	APHE	6.85 kg/230 g Fp. 02, 52 mm @ 470 m/s
	7,7cm K. Gr. 16	HE-TF/SAPHE	6.25 kg/700 g Amatol, 11/33 mm @ 480 m/s
	7,7cm Br. Schr. Gr.	ShI-TF	6.8 kg/167 g Blackpowder, ??? mm @ 470 m/s
	7,7cm F. Schr. 96 (umg.)	Sh-TF	7 kg/100 g Blackpowder, ??? mm @ 465 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for 7,7cm Flak.

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
All	3.5-5 mm @ ??°	RHA

Crew
4	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
1	Gun Loader

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - ???
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	60 kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	???
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	???
Road wheels:	4x4
	Type:	Spoked
	Steering:	All wheels

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	60.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	8.5 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
Only a token amount of self-propelled anti-aircraft guns had been made prior to the First World War. The commencement of it led to Germany ordering 40 self-propelled anti-aircraft guns from both Daimler and Ehrhardt, to be based on their respective Plattformkraftwagen Kw. 14 chassis. These were largely identical aside from superficial differences, namely that the Ehrhardt sported flat radiator guards while the Daimler was angular, and that the former used a Rheinmetall gun while the latter used a Krupp gun. These were in use throughout the war, with 105 of both types built by 1917 and 85 individual batteries being organized by the end of the war. At least one car was equipped with a Rheinmentall gun instead of the normal Krupp gun.

Variants & Changes:

• 1915: The gun shield was removed in order to reduce weight.
• 1918: At least one car equipped with a Rheinmentall gun.

Variant Images

Remodeled Krupp-Daimler version with gunshield removed.

Krupp-Daimler with a Rheinmentall gun.

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---

Krupp-Daimler KD-I

General
Name(s):	???	1918-11/1918
	Geschützkraftwagen Kw. 19	1919-8/11/1935
	Geschützkraftwagen Kw. 19 Krupp/Daimler (Sd. Kfz. 1)	8/11/1935-7/5/1945
Type:	Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun
Status:	Production
Derived From:	Artillerie-Kraftzugmaschine Krupp-Daimler 100 PS
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	67	Production Date:	1918
Producer(s):	German Empire	67	1918
	Daimler-Motoren-Gesselschuft	67	1918
Used:	67	Service Date:	1918-1945
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)	1918-11/1918
	Reichswehr (Realm Defense)	???
	Wehrmacht (Defense Force)	???

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)
	???
	Reichswehr (Realm Defense)
	???
	Wehrmacht (Defense Force)
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	10.0 or 11.25 t*
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	6.27 m	2.17 m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	40 cm

*Former is the weight of the 7,5cm carrier and latter is the weight of the 7,7cm carrier.

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
L/36 Carrier
1 x	Krupp 7,5cm Flak. L/36 (60)	Pedestal, Mechanical, -/+180° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	??? rpm
L/27 Carrier
1 x	Krupp 7,7cm Flak. L/27 (60)	Pedestal, Mechanical, -/+180° @ 20°/s	Mechanical, -8°/+75° @ ??°/s	20 rpm
L/35 Carrier
1 x	Krupp 7,7cm Flak. L/35 (60)	Pedestal, Mechanical, -/+180° @ 20°/s	Mechanical, -8°/+75° @ ??°/s	15 rpm
n. A. L/36 Carrier
1 x	7,5 cm Flak. 16 n. A. L/36 (60)	Pedestal, Mechanical, -/+180° @ 25°/s	Mechanical, -5°/+75° @ ??°/s	15 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
Krupp 75 mm Gun
	???
L/27 77 mm Gun
	7,7cm K. Gr. 15 m. P. m. L.	APHE-T	7 kg/230 g Fp. 02, 52 mm @ 465 m/s
	7,7cm K. Gr. 15 m. P.	APHE	6.85 kg/230 g Fp. 02, 52 mm @ 470 m/s
	7,7cm K. Gr. 16	HE-TF/SAPHE	6.25 kg/700 g Amatol, 11/33 mm @ 480 m/s
	7,7cm Br. Schr. Gr.	ShI-TF	6.8 kg/167 g Blackpowder, ??? mm @ 470 m/s
	7,7cm F. Schr. 96 (umg.)	Sh-TF	7 kg/100 g Blackpowder, ??? mm @ 465 m/s
L/35 77 mm Gun
	7,7cm K. Gr. 15 m. P. m. L.	APHE-T	7 kg/230 g Fp. 02, 65 mm @ 545 m/s
	7,7cm K. Gr. 15 m. P.	APHE	6.85 kg/230 g Fp. 02, 65 mm @ 550 m/s
	7,7cm K. Gr. 16	HE-TF/SAPHE	6.25 kg/700 g Amatol, 11/40 mm @ 545 m/s
	7,7cm Br. Schr. Gr.	ShI-TF	6.8 kg/167 g Blackpowder, ??? mm @ 550 m/s
	7,7cm F. Schr. 96 (umg.)	Sh-TF	7 kg/100 g Blackpowder, ??? mm @ 545 m/s
n. A. 75 mm Gun
	7,5 cm Hl. Gr. Patr. 38C	HEAT-T	4.8 kg/515 g H. 10, 115 mm @ 450 m/s
	7,5 cm Hl. Gr. Patr. 38B	HEAT	4.57 kg/513 g H. 5, 87 mm @ 450 m/s
	7,5 cm Hl. Gr. Patr. 38A	HEAT	4.5 kg/399 g H. 5/Fp. 02, 81 mm @ 450 m/s
	7,5 cm Hl. Gr. Patr. 38	HEAT	4.4 kg/570.2 g H. 5/Fp. 02, 55 mm @ 450 m/s
	7,5 cm K.-Gr. rot. Pz. Patr.	APCBC-T	6.8 kg/80 g Fp. 02/Np. 10, 99 mm @ 650 m/s
	7,5 cm Spr. Gr. Patr. 34	HE	5.74 kg/725 g Fp. 02/Np. 10, 15 mm @ 665 m/s
	7,5 cm K.-Gr. rot. Patr.	HE-TF/SAPHE	5.83/6.62 kg/520 g Amatol, 10/50 mm @ 662/655 m/s
	7,5 cm Schr. Patr. L/3,2	Sh-TF	6.08 kg/80 g Black Powder & ??? g Balls, ??? mm @ 661 m/s
	7,5 cm K.-Gr. rot. Nb. Patr.	Sm	6.2 kg/95 g Pent., ??? s smoking @ 660 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
L/36 Carrier
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for Krupp 7,5cm Flak. L/36
L/27 Carrier
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for Krupp 7,7cm Flak. L/27
L/35 Carrier
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for Krupp 7,7cm Flak. L/35
n. A. L/36 Carrier
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for 7,5 cm Flak. 16 n. A. L/36

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
All	4 mm @ ??°	RHA

Crew
4	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
1	Gun Loader

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	200 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Mercedes
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	75 kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	6
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	8-speed	8	2
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	???
Road wheels:	4x4
	Type:	Spoked or rubber*
	Steering:	All wheels

*Spoked wheels were replaced by rubber wheels starting from 1931.

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	65.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	8.5 km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	6.8 or 7.6* kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	6.5 m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

*Former is the power-to-weight ratio of the 7,7cm carrier and latter is the power-to-weight ratio of the 7,5cm carrier.

Summary
The KD-I was the most advanced artillery tractor built before the end of the war and it found use as a self-propelled anti-aircraft gun during the closing months of the war. They were meant to be used during the 1919 campaigns, hence the Kw. 19 designation, but, consequently, its late adoption meant that it never actually saw frontline use during the war. Instead, most of the gun carriers were retained after the war and served within the Reichswehr and later the Wehrmacht. They, and the basic artillery tractors, were among the first to receive special Sd. Kfz. designations. However, by 1930 they begin to remodeled with modern 7,5cm guns – in violation of the Versailles, aside from the four Krupp 7,5cm gun carriers which continued to serve in their basic form until their decommissioning.

Variants & Changes:

• 1918: Variations produced with either the 7,7cm L/27 or the L/35 gun.
  • 1920s: A curved shield was installed on all 7,7cm guns.
  • 1930-1932: All 7,7cm guns were replaced by a 7,5 cm F. K. n. A. L/36.
• 1918: Four models were produced with the 7,5cm gun.
• 1931: Spoked wheels started to be phased out in favor of rubber wheels.

Variant Images

7,5cm gun carrier.

Mixed L/27 and L/35 gun battery.

Remodeled 1930s gun, evident by the rubber wheels.

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Benz-Gaggenau Typ 5 K

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun on artillery tractor
Status:	Production
Derived From:	None
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	???	Production Date:	???
Producer(s):	German Empire	???	???
	???
Used:	???	Service Date:	???
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)	1918-11/1918

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	??? t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	??? m	??? m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	8,8cm Flak. L/45 (60)	Pedestal, Mechanical, -/+???° @ 20°/s	Mechanical, -10°/+70° @ ??°/s	15 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
	8,8cm Sprgr. L/3,8 (Iz.)	SAPHE	10 kg/640 g Fp. 02 or Pieretic, 114 mm @ 795 m/s
	8,8cm Sprgr. L/3,9	HE-TF	9.75 kg/582 g Fp. 02 & Np. 10, 13 mm @ 805 m/s
	8,8cm Sprgr. L/3,7	HE-TF	9.75 kg/580 g Fp. 02 & Np. 10, 13 mm @ 805 m/s
	8,8cm Sprgr. L/3,6 (Kz.)	HE-TF/HE-T-TF	10 kg/560 g Fp. 02, 12 mm @ 795 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for 8,8cm Flak.

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
All	??? mm @ ??°	???
Turret	15 mm @ ??°	RHA

Crew
5	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
2	Gun Loaders

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - ???
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	43 kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	???
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	???
Road wheels:	4x2
	Type:	Spoked
	Steering:	Front wheels

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	26.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	??? kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
Benz-Gaggenau Typ 5 K trucks have been in service prior to the war and throughout the entirety of it. This was in various forms as utility trucks to artillery tractors. One such form, of which only an image survives, is of it serving as a carrier for a 8,8cm Flak. L/45 in a naval MPL C/13 mounting. It was destroyed on the Vesne Front in August of 1918.

Variants & Changes:

None

Images

Photograph of the destroyed gun carrier.

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---

Raupenwagen LW

General
Name(s):	Lanz Raupenwagen LW
Type:	Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun on artillery tractor
Status:	Production
Derived From:	None
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	149 (all versions)	Production Date:	1917-1918
Producer(s):	German Empire	149	1917-1918
	Heinrich Lanz AG	149	1917-1918
Used:	???	Service Date:	1917-11/1918
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)	1918-11/1918

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)
	???
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	??? t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	??? m	??? m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	7,62cm Flak. L/30 (60)	Pedestal, Mechanical, -/+180° @ 20°/s	Mechanical, -5°/+70° @ ??°/s	20 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
	7,62cm St. Gr.	HE/SAPHE	6.0 kg/390 g Amatol, 9/50 mm @ 598 m/s
	7,62cm Flak. Gr.	HE	6.8 kg/340 g Fp. 70/30, 8 mm @ 590 m/s
	7,62cm Br. Shrap. Gr.	ShI-TF	6.8 kg/167 g Blackpowder, ??? mm @ 590 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for 7,62cm Flak.

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
All	??? mm @ ??°	???

Crew
5	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
2	Gun Loaders

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	?? x - ???
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	60-75 kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	???
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	???
Road wheels:	???
	Type:	???
	Idlers:	???
Return rollers:	???
	Type:	???
Drive Sprockets:	???
	Type:	???

Tracks
Type:	???
	Shoes:	???
	Length:[/u]	??? cm
	Width:	??? cm
	Pitch:	??? cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	??? m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	??? km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	??? kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
The Lanz Raupenwagen LW is likely the most obscure vehicle of the First World War, which is made odd due to its, relatively, large production count. It was produced as another tracked solution to artillery tractors and had four variations, of which at least one upgraded the vehicle with a stronger engine. However, visually they look identical and no documents exist to specify their actual differences. Based on photographs, at least one was converted into an anti-aircraft gun carrier in the same fashion as an Überlandwagen was. It is not known if this specific vehicle was equipped with the 80 hp (60 kW) or 100 hp (75 kW) engine.

Variants & Changes:

• Lanz Raupenwagen LW I: no known differences
• Lanz Raupenwagen LW II: no known differences
• Lanz Raupenwagen LW III: no known differences
• Lanz Raupenwagen LW IV: no known differences

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Flakwagen A7V

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun on tank
Status:	Prototype
Derived From:	Überlandwagen
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	3	Production Date:	1918
Producer(s):	German Empire	3	1918
	Daimler-Motoren-Gesselschuft	3	1918
Used:	3	Service Date:	???-11/1918
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)	???-11/1918

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Duetches Heer (German Army)
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	??? t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	??? m	??? m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
Prototype #1/2
2 x	7,62cm Flak. L/30 (60)	Pedestal, Mechanical, -/+180° @ 20°/s	Mechanical, -5°/+70° @ ??°/s	20 rpm
Prototype #3 Early
2 x	7,7cm Flak. L/27 (60)	Pedestal, Mechanical, -/+180° @ 20°/s	Mechanical, -5°/+70° @ ??°/s	20 rpm
Prototype #3 Late
1 x	7,7cm Flak. L/27 (60)	Pedestal, Mechanical, -/+180° @ 20°/s	Mechanical, -5°/+70° @ ??°/s	20 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
7.62 mm Gun
	7,62cm St. Gr.	HE/SAPHE	6.0 kg/390 g Amatol, 9/50 mm @ 598 m/s
	7,62cm Flak. Gr.	HE	6.8 kg/340 g Fp. 70/30, 8 mm @ 590 m/s
	7,62cm Br. Shrap. Gr.	ShI-TF	6.8 kg/167 g Blackpowder, ??? mm @ 590 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
Prototype #1/2
2 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for 7,62cm Flak.
Prototype #3 Early
2 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for 7,7cm Flak.
Prototype #3 Late
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for 7,7cm Flak.

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
All	??? mm @ ??°	RHA

Crew
8	Prototype #1/2, & #3 Early
1	Commander
1	Driver
2	Gunners
4	Gun Loaders
5	Prototype #3 Late
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunners
2	Gun Loaders

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	2 x - Daimler 165-204 Typ 75 Kw.
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower (Total):	75 (149) kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	17 l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Adler 3-speed	3	3
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Vertical spring
Road wheels:	24/6
	Type:	Rigid non-spaced
	Idlers:	Front track
Return rollers:	0
	Type:	N/A
Drive Sprockets:	2
	Type:	19-tooth rear drive

Tracks
Type:	Continuous linked steel
	Shoes:	???
	Length:[/u]	??? cm
	Width:	??? cm
	Pitch:	??? cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	??? m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	12.1 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	6.3 km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	??? kW/t
Maximum Grade:	???°
Maximum Trench:	2.2 m
Maximum Wall:	0.45 m
Maximum Fording:	70 cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
The Flakwagen A7V is a mysterious prototype, namely because nothing survived of it aside from its photographs. What is known is that it’s an Überlandwagen modified with a slightly longer hull to accommodate the anti-aircraft guns and that at least three prototypes were constructed, each in a different configuration. It is rumored that at least one was sent to the Western Front as a part of an anti-aircraft battery, but aside from that it is thought they were simply scrapped at the end of the war.

Variants & Changes:

• 1918: Second prototype constructed; armored cover for driver and commander replaced by canvas cover
• 1918: Third prototype constructed; 7,62cm Flak. L/30 replaced by 7,7cm Flak. L/27 and canvas cover bars removed
  • 1918: canvas cover bars installed
    • 1918: canvas cover bars and rear 7,7cm gun removed

Variant Images

Initial prototype.

Second prototype, with armor covers around driver and commander removed.

Third prototype, with doors open and canvas cover bars removed.

Third prototype, with doors open and canvas cover bars reinstalled.

Third prototype, with doors closed and rear 7.7cm gun and canvas cover bars removed.

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Austro-Hungarian Vehicles

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ANTI-AIRCRAFT VEHICLES

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Ehrhardt 8cm M1916

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun
Status:	Imported
Derived From:	Ehrhardt Lafette 36/70 PS
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	24	Production Date:	1916
Producer(s):	German Empire	24	1916
	Heinrich Ehrhardt Automobilwerke AG	24	1916
Used:	24	Service Date:	1916-11/1918
User(s):	Landstreitkräfte Österreich-Ungarns (Land Forces of Austria-Hungary)	1916-11/1918

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Landstreitkräfte Österreich-Ungarns (Land Forces of Austria-Hungary)
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	??? t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	??? m	??? m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	8cm Lfa.-K. M 05/16 (???)	Pedestal, Mechanical, -/+180° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -5°/+70° @ ??°/s	20 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
76.5 mm Gun
	8 cm M 14	HE-TF	??? kg/??? g ???, ??? mm @ ??? m/s
	8 cm M 08B	HE-TF	6.68 kg/120 g Amatol, 8 mm @ 500 m/s
	8 cm M 08	HE-TF	6.68 kg/120 g Amatol, 8 mm @ 500 m/s
	8 cm M 05	HE-TF	6.68 kg/120 g Amatol, 8 mm @ 500 m/s
	8 cm M 14 R	Sh-TF	6.6 kg/70 g Black Powder & 261 10 g Balls, ??? mm @ ??? m/s
	8 cm M 08	Sh-TF	??? kg/??? g ??? & 316 9 g Balls & 16 13 g Balls, ??? mm @ ??? m/s
	8 cm M 05	Sh-TF	??? kg/??? g ??? & 316 9 g Balls & 16 13 g Balls, ??? mm @ ??? m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for 8cm Lfa.-K. M 05/16

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All front	5 mm @ ??°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	5 mm @ ??°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	5 mm @ ??°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	??? mm @ ??°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	??? mm @ ??°	RHA

Crew
5	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
2	Gun Loaders

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - Ehrhardt
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	51 kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	???
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	???
Road wheels:	4x4
	Type:	Spoked
	Steering:	All wheels

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	35.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	??? kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
Initially, Austria-Hungary lacked any self-propelled anti-aircraft guns at all. This wasn’t an issue until Italy entered the war and started to deploy balloons and aircrafts over the Alps and deployed them to raid across the Adriatic. To rectify this, twenty-four cars were imported from Germany and outfitted with Austro-Hungarian 8cm M 05/8 guns, designated M 05/16 in the self-propelled configuration. The cars were divided into four batteries with six cars each and mainly deployed along the Italian front, where they claimed “several dozen” fixed-wing aircraft shot down over the last two years of the war.

Variants & Changes:

None

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Independent Croatian Vehicles

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LIGHT TANKS

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Renault FT

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Light tank
Status:	Captured
Derived From:	None
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	3,728 (all models)	Production Date:	7/1917-10/10/1918
Producer(s):	French Republic	3,728	7/1917-10/10/1918
	Renault S.A	1,850~	???
	Berliet	800~	???
	SOMUA	600~	???
	Delaunay-Belleville	280~	???
Used:	24	Service Date:	1941-1945
User(s):	Hrvatsko domobranstvo (Croatian Home Guard)	1941-1944
	Ustaška vojnica (Ustaše Militia)	1941-1945

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Wehrmacht (Defense Force)
	???
	Ustaška vojnica (Ustaše Militia)
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	6.7 t
Ground Pressure:	0.5 kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	5.0 m	1.74 m	2.14 m
Ground Clearance:	43 cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	3,7 cm Kw. K. 144 (f) (233)	Turret, Mechanical, -/+360° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -2°/+35° @ ??°/s	20 rpm

*German designation for the 37 S.A. mle 1918.

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
37 mm Gun
	OR 37 mle 1892	APHE	0.5 kg/15 g F3, 14 mm @ 388 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1916	HE	0.56 kg/30 g Melinite, 6 mm @ 365 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1888M	HE	0.455 kg/22 g F3, 5 mm @ 402 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ??? telescopic	Sight	??x zoom, for 3,7 cm Kw. K. 144 (f)

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All front	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret front	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret side	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret rear	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	8 mm @ ???°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	6 mm @ ???°	RHA

Crew
2	Total
1	Commander, Gunner, Gun Loader
1	Driver

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	95 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Renault
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	29 kW
	@ RPM	1,500
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	4.5 l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Sliding 4-speed	4	1
Steering:	Clutch-break
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Vertical spring
Road wheels:	9/4
	Type:	Rigid non-spaced
	Idlers:	Front track
Return rollers:	6
	Type:	Rigid spaced
Drive Sprockets:	2
	Type:	15-tooth rear drive

Tracks
Type:	Continuous linked steel
	Shoes:	32
	Length:	??? cm
	Width:	34 cm
	Pitch:	??? cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	2 m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	8.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	4.3 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	26.5°
Maximum Trench:	1.35 m
Maximum Wall:	0.6 m
Maximum Fording:	70 cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	60 km
	Mileage:	158 l/100 km

Summary
Independent Croatia was created as an attempt to redirect more German troops towards the eastern front by setting up a domestic police state. To do this, former Yugoslav Renault FT were handed to the Croatian military and fascist militia. However, given the sporadic and largely unrecorded and partisan nature of the occupation of Yugoslavia, specifics about the history of the Croatian Renault FT are largely unknown and difficult to pin down.

Variants & Changes:

None

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[Ghostmaxi]

@Wiggly_Armed_Man

which only an image survives

2 pictures actually. From 2 different angels.

Pictures:(Click to show)

[Wiggly_Armed_Man]

I should’ve used better terminology, but yes.

[Wiggly_Armed_Man]

Test tree.

Spoiler

• Holt-Gas Electric (I Rank, 1.0 BR): Tank, Holt-Gas Electric
• Steam Tank (I Rank, 1.7 BR, Premium): Tank, Steam (Wheeled)
• Mark V (I Rank, 1.7 BR, Mark V Group): Tank, Heavy, Mark V
• Mark V* (E) (I Rank, 1.7 BR, Premium): Tank, Heavy, Mark V* w/ 20.5-in tracks
• Mark V* (L) (I Rank, 1.7 BR, Mark V Group): Tank, Heavy, Mark V* w/ 26.5-in tracks
• Mark VIII (P) (E) (I Rank, 1.3 BR, Premium): Tank, Heavy, Mark VIII; mild steel prototype w/ Hotchkiss machine guns
• Mark VIII (P) (L) (I Rank, 1.3 BR): Tank, Heavy, Mark VIII; mild steel prototype w/ Browning machine guns
• Mark VIII (I Rank, 2.0 BR): Tank, Heavy, Mark VIII
• Mark VIII Strobe (I Rank, 2.0 BR, Premium): Tank, Heavy, Mark VIII w/ strobe vision dome cupola
• Mark VIII Air (I Rank, 2.0 BR, Premium): Tank, Heavy, Mark VIII w/ air-cooled engine

[Wiggly_Armed_Man]

Version two of the USA tree.

There are some things to note:

• I included and marked the interwar vehicles that I believe could be added alongside them.
• The tree presumes that all of the 37-mm M1916 would receive OR 37 mle 1892 APHE, and that at least most of them would receive OR 37 mle 1935 or 1937 APCR. This is completely ahistorical since they were completely reliant on the Mk. II HE-BF for armor-piercing capability, but this would block the addition of America’s earliest light tanks and also block the addition of the famous Christie designs.
• The T1 light tanks do not use ammunition from the aerial 37-mm M4. This became a persistent rumor at one point, I imagine because the guns are distantly related. The guns that they use are the “short-barreled” Browning M1924 No. 2, later redesignated T3, and the “long-barreled” Browning M1925 No. 2, later redesigned T2. They used 37x120R and 37x123B cartridges, respectively, propelling the guns at either a velocity of 1,350 fps (411 m/s) or 2,000 fps (610 m/s), again respectively. I have no idea how they perform outside of that since I’ve never been able to figure out what ammunition they actually use to plug into the penetration calculator; due to that, the later T1s could end up anywhere from rank I or up to rank III and their wide BR range is reflective of that.
• The BRs aren’t absolute. They’re more representative of how the vehicles would be positioned against each other, rather than how they would exactly be positioned in-game.
• The current in-game rank I has been pushed to rank IV at the bottom, with rank III being a hypothetical intermediate rank between the two with earlier interwar vehicles.

List of Vehicles:

Spoiler

• Light Tanks
  • Renault FT (E) (I Rank, 1.0 BR): Tank, Light, Renault FT w/ either Girod-Renault or Berliet-Girod turret
  • Renault FT (L) (I Rank, 1.0 BR, Premium): Tank, Light, Renault FT w/ Renault turret
  • M1917 (I Rank, 1.0 BR): Tank, Light, M1917
  • M1917A1 (I Rank, 1.0 BR, Premium): Tank, Light, M1917A1
• Heavy Tanks
  • Holt-Gas Electric (II Rank, 2.0 BR): Tank, Holt-Gas Electric
  • Steam Tank (II Rank, 2.7 BR, Premium): Tank, Steam (Wheeled)
  • Mark V (II Rank, 2.7 BR, Mark V Group): Tank, Heavy, Mark V
  • Mark V* (E) (II Rank, 2.7 BR, Premium): Tank, Heavy, Mark V* w/ 20.5-in tracks
  • Mark V* (L) (II Rank, 2.7 BR, Mark V Group): Tank, Heavy, Mark V* w/ 26.5-in tracks
  • Mark VIII (P) (E) (II Rank, 2.0 BR, Premium): Tank, Heavy, Mark VIII; mild steel prototype w/ Hotchkiss machine guns
  • Mark VIII (P) (L) (II Rank, 2.0 BR): Tank, Heavy, Mark VIII; mild steel prototype w/ Browning machine guns
  • Mark VIII (II Rank, 3.0 BR): Tank, Heavy, Mark VIII
  • Mark VIII Strobe (II Rank, 3.0 BR, Premium): Tank, Heavy, Mark VIII w/ strobe vision dome cupola
  • Mark VIII Air (II Rank, 3.0 BR, Premium): Tank, Heavy, Mark VIII w/ air-cooled engine

Interwar Inserts:

• Light Tanks
  • T1 Light (I Rank, 1.3 BR, T1/E1 Light Group): Tank, Light, T1
  • T1E1 Light (I Rank, 1.3 BR, T1/E1 Light Group): Tank, Light, T1E1
  • T1E2 Light (E) (II Rank, 2.0-3.0 BR, T1E2/E3 Light Group): Tank, Light, T1E2 w/ 37-mm T2
  • T1E2 Light (L) (I Rank, 1.3 BR, Premium): Tank, Light, T1E2 w/ 37-mm M1916
  • T1E3 Light (II Rank, 2.0-3.0 BR, T1E2/E3 Light Group): Tank, Light, T1E3
  • T1E4 Light (E) (II Rank, 2.0-3.0 BR, Premium): Tank, Light, T1E4 w/ Cunningham 110 hp (81 kW) engine
  • T1E4 Light (L) (II Rank, 2.0-3.0 BR, T1E4/E6 Light Group): Tank, Light, T1E4 w/ Cunningham 140 hp (103 kW) engine
  • T1E5 Light (II Rank, 2.0-3.0 BR, Premium): Tank, Light, T1E5
  • T1E6 Light (II Rank, 2.0-3.0 BR, T1E4/E6 Light Group): Tank, Light, T1E6
  • M1931 Christie (I Rank, 1.7-2.3 BR, Premium): Christie M1931 Tank; welded unlike production versions
  • T1 Combat (E) (II Rank, 1.7-2.3 BR, Premium): Car, Combat, T1 w/o radio
  • T1 Combat (L) (II Rank, 1.7-2.3 BR, T1/E1 Combat Group): Car, Combat, T1 w/ radio
  • T1E1 Combat (II Rank, 1.7-2.3 BR, T1/E1 Combat Group): Car, Combat, T1E1
  • T1E3 Combat (II Rank, 1.7-2.3 BR, Premium): Car, Combat, T1E3
  • T3 Medium (E) (II Rank, 1.7-2.3 BR, Premium): Tank, Medium, T3
  • T3 Medium (M) (II Rank, 1.7-2.3 BR, Premium): Tank, Medium, T3 w/ driver windshield
  • T3 Medium (L) (II Rank, 1.7-2.3 BR, T3/E1 Medium Group): Tank, Medium, T3 w/ radio
  • T3E1 Medium (P) (II Rank, 1.7-2.3 BR, Premium): Tank, Medium, T3
  • T3E1 Medium (E) (II Rank, 1.7-2.3 BR, Premium): Tank, Medium, T3E1 w/ reinforced bottom
  • T3E1 Medium (M) (II Rank, 1.7-2.3 BR, Premium): Tank, Medium, T3E1 w/ reinforced bottom & driver windshield
  • T3E1 Medium (L) (II Rank, 1.7-2.3 BR, T3/E1 Medium Group): Tank, Medium, T3E1 w/ reinforced bottom & radio
  • T3E2 Medium (II Rank, 2.0-2.3 BR): Tank, Medium, T3E2
  • T3E3 Medium (II Rank, 2.0-2.3 BR, Premium): Tank, Medium, T3E3
• Medium Tanks
  • M1919 Christie (II Rank, 2.3-2.7 BR, Premium): Christie M1919 Convertible Tank
  • M1921 Christie (II Rank, 2.0-2.7 BR, Premium): Christie M1921 Convertible Tank
  • M1921 Medium (E) (II Rank, 2.7-3.0 BR): Tank, Medium, M1921 w/ naval 220 hp (162 kW) engine
  • M1921 Medium (L) (II Rank, 2.7-3.0 BR, Premium): Tank, Medium, M1921 w/ Packard 200 hp (147 kW) engine
• TDs
  • M1921 75-mm (II Rank, 3.0 BR, Premium): Christie M1921 Amphibious for 75-mm Gun
  • LWMGC 75-mm (II Rank, 3.0 BR): Land and Water Motor Gun Carriage (Christie) for 75-mm Gun
  • G.C.2 (E) (I Rank, 1.0 BR): United States Marine Corps Tank, Gun Carrier 2 w/ 37-mm M1916
• SPAA
  • T11E1 MGMC (I Rank, 1.7 BR): Carriage, Motor, Multiple Gun, T11E1
  • 3x7.62 Truck (I Rank, 1.3 BR, Premium): Truck with multiple gun mount from T11E1 installed above cab (couldn’t find any name of this design)

Gap Vehicles Potential (III Rank)

• Armored Cars
  • T7
  • T4
    • M1
  • T11
    • T11E1
    • T11E2
• Scout Cars
  • T7
    • M1
  • M3
    • M3A1
    • M3A1 w/ DJXD diesel
    • M3A1 w/ 6DT-317 diesel
    • M3A1 Command
• Combat Cars
  • T2
    • T2E1
  • T4
    • T4E1
    • T4E2
  • T5E1
    • T5E2
    • M1 w/ D-shaped turret (later M1A1 Light)
    • M1 w/ irregular octagonal-shaped turret (later M1A1 Light)
    • M1E1
    • M1E2
    • M1A1 (later M1A1 Light)
    • M1A1E1
    • M1E3
    • M2 (later M1A2 Light)
    • M2 diesel (later M1A2 Light)
• Light Tanks
  • T2
    • T2E1
    • M2A1
    • T2E2
    • M2A2E1
    • M2A2E2
    • M2A2E3
    • M2A3
    • M2A3E1
    • M2A3E2
    • M2A3E3
• Medium Tanks
  • M1921 w/ Liberty L-12 338 hp (249 kW) engine
  • M1922
  • T1 w/ 57-mm M1920
    • T1 w/ 75-mm M1920
    • T1E1
  • T2 w/ T3E1 gun system (37-mm T2 & .30 cal. M1919 Browning)
    • T2 w/ 37-mm M1916
    • T2 w/ .30 cal. Browning
  • T4
    • T4E1
• SPAA
  • Willys MB w/ .50 cal M2 Browning
  • M28 w/ .50 cal. M1921 Browning
  • Tucker Tiger
• TD
  • Christie M1922 Amphibious
  • G.C.2 w/ 75-mm M1897
  • T1 HMC

[Wiggly_Armed_Man]

Does anyone have more information on the clusterbuck that are the German prewar Bak./Flak. trucks? Of the ones that I could find, I could hardly find anything other than what chassis they were using and the gun they used, and I’m sure I completely missed a few trucks between them or that of the ones I did find, that I confused some as something else or got bad information, etc.

There are also 5cm, 7,1cm, and 7,5cm gun calibers for the Bak. that I couldn’t find anything about, along with whatever small gun that the Ehrhardt M1905 uses (looks like a 3,7cm Bak.).

Edit: Unrelated, but my favorite vehicle is now the Balloon Destroyer.

Spoiler

[Wiggly_Armed_Man]

Jump to Main Post

Other
± [Bourbon] Kingdom of Spain (1874-1931) - [Second] Spanish Republic (1931-1939) - Spanish State
± Kingdom of Yugoslavia
± [First] Republic of the United States of Brazil (1889-1930) - [Second] Republic of the United States of Brazil (1930-1937) - [Third] Republic of the United States of Brazil (1937-1946)
± [First] Czechoslovak Republic (1918-1938)
± [First] Republic of Estonia (1918-1934) - [Päts/Second] Republic of Estonia (1934-1940)
± [First] Republic of Latvia (1918-1934) - [Ulmanis/Second] Republic of Latvia (1934-1940)
± [Second] Republic of Poland (1918-1926) - [Sanation/Third] Republic of Poland (1926-1939)

Spanish Vehicles

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MEDIUM TANKS

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Schneider CA1

General
Name(s):	Carro de Asalto Schneider M16
Type:	Medium tank
Status:	Imported
Derived From:	None
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	400	Production Date:	1916-08/1918
Producer(s):	French Republic	400	1916-08/1918
	SOMUA	400	1916-08/1918
Used:	6	Service Date:	1916-1918
User(s):	Ejército de Española (Spanish Army)	1921-1931
	Ejército de la República Española (Spanish Republican Army)	1936-???
	Bando Nacional (Nationalist Faction)	1936-???

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Ejército de Española (Spanish Army)
	Ejército de África	1922-1929	↓/↓↓Transferred↓↓/↓
	RLCC N° 1	1929-1931	↓↓↓Revolution↓↓↓
	RLCC N° 2	1929-1931	↓↓↓Revolution↓↓↓
	Ejército de la República Española (Spanish Republican Army)
	RLCC N° 1	1931-???	???
	RLCC N° 2	1929-1936	↓↓Rebellion↓↓
	Bando Nacional (Nationalist Faction)
	RLCC N° 2	1936-???	???

Dimensions
Weight:	13.5 t
Ground Pressure:	0.72 kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	6.32 m	2.05 m	2.30 m
Ground Clearance:	41 cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
Original
1 x	75 BS (90)	Sponson, Mechanical, -/+30° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -10°/+30° @ ??°/s	??? rpm
2 x	7 Hotchkiss modelo 1914 (3,840)	Ballports, Manual, -/+53° @ 60°/s	Manual, -45°/+20° @ 60°/s	450 rpm
Original
1 x	75 BS (90)	Sponson, Mechanical, -/+30° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -10°/+30° @ ??°/s	??? rpm
4 x	7 Hotchkiss modelo 1914 (3,840)	Ballports, Manual, -/+53° @ 60°/s	Manual, -45°/+20° @ 60°/s	450 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
75 mm Gun
	???	HE	5.3 kg/795 g TNT, 12 mm @ 200 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ??? telescopic	Sight	??x zoom, for 75 BS

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All front	11.4+4+5.5 mm @ ???°	RHA+Air+RHA
Sidewards
All side	11.4+4+5.5 mm @ ???°	RHA+Air+RHA
Rearwards
All rear	11.4 mm @ ???°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	5.5 mm @ ???°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	??? mm @ ???°	RHA

Crew
6	Original
1	Commander, Driver
1	Mechanic, Machine Gun Loader
1	Gunner, Gun Loader
2	Machine Gunners
1	Machine Gun Loader
6	Upgunned
1	Commander, Driver, Machine Gunner, Machine Gun Loader
1	Mechanic, Machine Gunner, Machine Gun Loader
1	Gunner, Gun Loader
2	Machine Gunners
1	Machine Gun Loader

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	220 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Schneider
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	44 kW
	@ RPM	1,200
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	3-speed	3	1
Steering:	Clutch-break
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Vertical spring
Road wheels:	7/2
	Type:	???
	Idlers:	Front track
Return rollers:	0
	Type:	N/A
Drive Sprockets:	2
	Type:	Rear drive

Tracks
Type:	Continuous linked steel
	Shoes:	34
	Length:	??? cm
	Width:	??? cm
	Pitch:	??? cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	??? m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	8.1 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	3.3 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	29°
Maximum Trench:	1.75 m
Maximum Wall:	0.79 m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	80 km
	Mileage:	275 l/100 km

Summary
The Schneider CA1 was the competitor against the Saint-Chamond and ultimately a disappointment. They were first deployed in 1917 and were already considered obsolete in 1918, but would still serve until the last day of the war nonetheless. However, due to their production being suspended to focus on the production of the Renault FT and their obsolescence, they were decommissioned just after the war. However, they would see service within the Italian and Spanish armies up until the mid 1930s.

Variants & Changes:

• 1921: Hotchkiss machine guns rechambered for Spanish 7x57 mm Mauser.
• 1922-1929: Some tanks were modified with an additional two machine guns, one in the rear doors and the other in front of the driver’s position.
• 1922-1929: Most tanks were modified with radio antenna on the back and rear of the vehicles.
• 1922-1929: One vehicle, No. 6, modified with a headlamp and a “cage” atop the roof.

Variant Images

A M16 with the radio antenna visible.

M16 No. 6 with the headlamp and roof “cage” visible.

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---

Yugoslav Vehicles

---

---

LIGHT TANKS

---

---

Renault FT

General
Name(s):	Renault FT borna Kola
Type:	Light tank
Status:	Imported
Derived From:	None
Derivatives:	Renault M-28
Produced:	3,728	Production Date:	7/1918-10/10/1918
Producer(s):	French Republic	3,728 (all models)	1917-1919
	Renault S.A	1,850~	???
	Berliet	800~	???
	SOMUA	600~	???
	Delaunay-Belleville	280~	???
Used:	35-45~	Service Date:	1929-1941
User(s):	Jugoslovenska vojska (Yugoslav Army)	1929-1941

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Jugoslovenska vojska (Yugoslav Army)
	1. Tenkovski Bataljon	1922-1929	Destroyed

Dimensions
Weight:	6.7 t
Ground Pressure:	0.5 kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	5.0 m	1.74 m	2.14 m
Ground Clearance:	43 cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	37 S.A. mle 1918 (233)	Turret, Mechanical, -/+360° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -2°/+35° @ ??°/s	20 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
37 mm Gun
	OR 37 mle 1892	APHE	0.5 kg/15 g F3, 14 mm @ 388 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1916	HE	0.56 kg/30 g Melinite, 6 mm @ 365 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1888M	HE	0.455 kg/22 g F3, 5 mm @ 402 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ??? telescopic	Sight	??x zoom, for 37 S.A. mle 1918

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All front	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret front	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret side	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret rear	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	8 mm @ ???°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	6 mm @ ???°	RHA

Crew
2	Total
1	Commander, Gunner, Gun Loader
1	Driver

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	95 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Renault
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	29 kW
	@ RPM	1,500
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	4.5 l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Sliding 4-speed	4	1
Steering:	Clutch-break
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Vertical spring
Road wheels:	9/4
	Type:	Rigid non-spaced
	Idlers:	Front track
Return rollers:	6
	Type:	Rigid spaced
Drive Sprockets:	2
	Type:	15-tooth rear drive

Tracks
Type:	Continuous linked steel
	Shoes:	32
	Length:	??? cm
	Width:	34 cm
	Pitch:	??? cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	2 m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	8.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	4.3 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	26.5°
Maximum Trench:	1.35 m
Maximum Wall:	0.6 m
Maximum Fording:	70 cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	60 km
	Mileage:	158 l/100 km

Summary
The Renault FT was the first tank used by the Yugoslav army, alongside the Renault M-28. They served in the 1st Tank Battalion and saw service from 1929, when they were first purchased, to 1941, when Yugoslavia fell to the Tripartite onslaught. Around 14 Polish Renault FTs were imported in 1932 as part of a larger arms agreement. However, the Renault FT faired rather poorly in Yugoslav service. Due to its lack of mobility, it suffered in the rugged terrain of the Balkans. Furthermore, it was outdated upon being purchased and all of the tanks were showing their age in their maintenance. It thus came as no surprise that of the three Renault FT companies, only one of them is known to have actually fought back the German-Italian-Hungarian advance, and had most of its unit destroyed by a combined force of German bombers and tanks.

After the occupation of Yugoslavia, the tanks were inducted into either the German army or the newly formed Croatian army.

Variants & Changes:

None

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---

Renault M-28

General
Name(s):	Renault M-28 borna Kola
Type:	Light tank
Status:	Imported
Derived From:	Renault FT
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	???	Production Date:	???
Producer(s):	French Republic	???	???
	???	???	???
Used:	10-20~	Service Date:	1929-1941
User(s):	Jugoslovenska vojska (Yugoslav Army)	1929-1941

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Jugoslovenska vojska (Yugoslav Army)
	1. Tenkovski Bataljon	1922-1929	Destroyed

Dimensions
Weight:	6.7 t
Ground Pressure:	0.5 kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	5.0 m	1.74 m	2.14 m
Ground Clearance:	43 cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	37 S.A. mle 1918 (233)	Turret, Mechanical, -/+360° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -2°/+35° @ ??°/s	20 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
37 mm Gun
	OR 37 mle 1892	APHE	0.5 kg/15 g F3, 14 mm @ 388 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1916	HE	0.56 kg/30 g Melinite, 6 mm @ 365 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1888M	HE	0.455 kg/22 g F3, 5 mm @ 402 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ??? telescopic	Sight	??x zoom, for 37 S.A. mle 1918

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All front	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret front	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret side	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret rear	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	8 mm @ ???°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	6 mm @ ???°	RHA

Crew
2	Total
1	Commander, Gunner, Gun Loader
1	Driver

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	95 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Renault
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	29 kW
	@ RPM	1,500
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	4.5 l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Sliding 4-speed	4	1
Steering:	Clutch-break
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Vertical spring
Road wheels:	9/4
	Type:	Rigid non-spaced
	Idlers:	Front track
Return rollers:	6
	Type:	Rigid spaced
Drive Sprockets:	2
	Type:	Wheeled rear drive

Tracks
Type:	Continuous linked rubber
	Shoes:	32
	Length:	??? cm
	Width:	34 cm
	Pitch:	??? cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	2 m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	13.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	4.3 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	26.5°
Maximum Trench:	1.35 m
Maximum Wall:	0.6 m
Maximum Fording:	70 cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	60 km
	Mileage:	158 l/100 km

Summary
The Renault M-28 was the first tank used by the Yugoslav army, alongside the Renault FT. They served in the 1st Tank Battalion and saw service from 1929, when they were first purchased, to 1941, when Yugoslavia fell to the Tripartite onslaught. However, the Renault M-28 faired rather poorly in Yugoslav service. Due to its lack of mobility, it suffered in the rugged terrain of the Balkans. Furthermore, it was outdated upon being purchased and all of the tanks were showing their age in their maintenance. It thus came as no surprise that of the three Renault FT companies, only one of them is known to have actually fought back the German-Italian-Hungarian advance, and had most of its unit destroyed by a combined force of German bombers and tanks.

After the occupation of Yugoslavia, the tanks were inducted into the German army.

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---

Brazilian Vehicles

---

---

LIGHT TANKS

---

---

Renault FT

General
Name(s):	Carro de assalto Renault FT
Type:	Light tank
Status:	Imported
Derived From:	None
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	3,728	Production Date:	7/1918-10/10/1918
Producer(s):	French Republic	3,728 (all models)	1917-1919
	Renault S.A	1,850~	???
	Berliet	800~	???
	SOMUA	600~	???
	Delaunay-Belleville	280~	???
Used:	40	Service Date:	1921-1942
User(s):	Exército Brasileiro (Brazilian Army)	1921-1942

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Exército Brasileiro (Brazilian Army)
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	6.7 t
Ground Pressure:	0.5 kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	5.0 m	1.74 m	2.14 m
Ground Clearance:	43 cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	37 S.A. mle 1918 (233)	Turret, Mechanical, -/+360° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -2°/+35° @ ??°/s	20 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
37 mm Gun
	OR 37 mle 1892	APHE	0.5 kg/15 g F3, 14 mm @ 388 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1916	HE	0.56 kg/30 g Melinite, 6 mm @ 365 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1888M	HE	0.455 kg/22 g F3, 5 mm @ 402 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ??? telescopic	Sight	??x zoom, for 37 S.A. mle 1918

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All front	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret front	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret side	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret rear	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	8 mm @ ???°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	6 mm @ ???°	RHA

Crew
2	Total
1	Commander, Gunner, Gun Loader
1	Driver

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	95 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Renault
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	29 kW
	@ RPM	1,500
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	4.5 l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Sliding 4-speed	4	1
Steering:	Clutch-break
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Vertical spring
Road wheels:	9/4
	Type:	Rigid non-spaced
	Idlers:	Front track
Return rollers:	6
	Type:	Rigid spaced
Drive Sprockets:	2
	Type:	15-tooth rear drive

Tracks
Type:	Continuous linked steel
	Shoes:	32
	Length:	??? cm
	Width:	34 cm
	Pitch:	??? cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	2 m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	8.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	4.3 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	26.5°
Maximum Trench:	1.35 m
Maximum Wall:	0.6 m
Maximum Fording:	70 cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	60 km
	Mileage:	158 l/100 km

Summary
Twelve Renault FT were imported in 1921, of which six were cannon-armed, five were machine gun armed, and one was a TSF command tank. A further 28 tanks would be purchased later, bringing the total number of Renault FT in the Brazilian Army up to 40 which would serve as their main battle tank until the 1940s. Their only notable military confrontations were against Brazilians themselves, as they served throughout the 1924, 1930, and 1932 revolutions. They would later be replaced as frontline tanks in 1934 by CV-35 tanks and then retired from service in 1942 upon the importation of modern American tanks.

Variants & Changes:

None

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---

Czechoslovak Vehicles

---

---

LIGHT TANKS

---

---

Renault FT

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Light tank
Status:	Imported
Derived From:	None
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	3,728	Production Date:	7/1918-10/10/1918
Producer(s):	French Republic	3,728 (all models)	1917-1919
	Renault S.A	1,850~	???
	Berliet	800~	???
	SOMUA	600~	???
	Delaunay-Belleville	280~	???
Used:	7	Service Date:	1921-1933
User(s):	Československá armáda (Czechoslovak Army)	1921-1933

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Československá armáda (Czechoslovak Army)
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	6.7 t
Ground Pressure:	0.5 kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	5.0 m	1.74 m	2.14 m
Ground Clearance:	43 cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	37 S.A. mle 1918 (233)	Turret, Mechanical, -/+360° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -2°/+35° @ ??°/s	20 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
37 mm Gun
	OR 37 mle 1892	APHE	0.5 kg/15 g F3, 14 mm @ 388 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1916	HE	0.56 kg/30 g Melinite, 6 mm @ 365 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1888M	HE	0.455 kg/22 g F3, 5 mm @ 402 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ??? telescopic	Sight	??x zoom, for 37 S.A. mle 1918

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All front	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret front	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret side	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret rear	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	8 mm @ ???°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	6 mm @ ???°	RHA

Crew
2	Total
1	Commander, Gunner, Gun Loader
1	Driver

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	95 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Renault
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	29 kW
	@ RPM	1,500
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	4.5 l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Sliding 4-speed	4	1
Steering:	Clutch-break
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Vertical spring
Road wheels:	9/4
	Type:	Rigid non-spaced
	Idlers:	Front track
Return rollers:	6
	Type:	Rigid spaced
Drive Sprockets:	2
	Type:	15-tooth rear drive

Tracks
Type:	Continuous linked steel
	Shoes:	32
	Length:	??? cm
	Width:	34 cm
	Pitch:	??? cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	2 m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	8.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	4.3 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	26.5°
Maximum Trench:	1.35 m
Maximum Wall:	0.6 m
Maximum Fording:	70 cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	60 km
	Mileage:	158 l/100 km

Summary
While the infantile Czechoslovak army had been attempting to purchase French tanks since 1919, it wasn’t until 1921 that a single cannon-equipped Renault FT was finally ordered and not until the start of 1922 that said Renault FT was tested and adopted into service. Four more were purchased in 1923, two with cannons and two with machine guns; and a final two were purchased in 1924, consisting of one cannon tank and one unarmed radio command tank. They were initially numbered 51 to 57 before the numbers were replaced by registration numbers. They saw service until 1938, in a rare example of a postwar Renault FT user acquiring a large enough modern tank force that they became unnecessary in their armored forces; and were then placed in storage or museums after their retirement.

Variants & Changes:

None

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---

Estonian Vehicles

---

---

ARMORED CARS

---

---

Estonia

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Armored car
Status:	Prototype
Derived From:	Federal Motor Truck Company 3-ton
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	1	Production Date:	1918
Producer(s):	Estonian Provisional Government	1	1918
	Tallinn Harbor Factory	1	1918
Used:	1	Service Date:	1918-1940
User(s):	Kaitseliit (Defense League)	1918-1920
	Maavägi (Army)	1920-1940

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Kaitseliit (Defense League)
	???
	Maavägi (Army)
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	??? t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	??? m	??? m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	37-mm Hotchkiss (???)	Turret, Manual, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	20 rpm
2 x	7,62-mm PM obr. 1910 g. (???)	Rear Sponsons, Manual, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	600 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
37 mm Gun
	Steel fragmentation	APHE	0.5 kg/40 g ???, 15 mm @ 442 m/s
	Cast iron Hotchkiss	HE	0.5 kg/??? g ???, ??? mm @ 442 m/s
	Cast iron fragmentation	HE	0.51 kg/??? g ???, ??? mm @ 442 m/s
	Canister	Cn	??? kg/75 balls, ??? mm @ 442 m/s
	Canister short	Cn	0.51 kg/50 balls, ??? mm @ 442 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom,for 37-mm Hotchkiss

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All front	??? mm @ ??°	Ship Steel
Sidewards
All side	??? mm @ ??°	Ship Steel
Rearwards
All rear	??? mm @ ??°	Ship Steel

Crew
??	Total

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - ???
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	??? kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	???
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	???
Road wheels:	???
	Type:	???
	Steering:	???

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	15.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	??? kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
The “Estonia” was the first of the two initial experimental armored cars produced by Estonia, alongside the armored car “Tasuja.” It was deployed to the front in 1919 but due to a combination of its heavy weight, largely due to the warship steel that composed its armor, and relatively underpowered chassis, it lacked the mobility to move in the winter environments and was thus restricted to Tallinn until the summer when it was deployed to Narva against the Bolsheviks. Later, it saw operations against the Freikorps and the Bolsheviks in Latvia. It saw service through to 1940, when it Estonia was annexed by the Soviet Union.

Variants & Changes:

• 1919: It was apparently rebuilt during spring of 1919 to lighten its weight, but I can find no photographs of its prior appearance (the photograph above is a photograph of it during the summer of 1919, at Narva) or information on its performance prior to its modification.

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---

Tasuja

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Armored car
Status:	Prototype
Derived From:	Renault
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	1	Production Date:	1919
Producer(s):	Estonian Provisional Government	1	1919
	Tallinn Harbor Factory	1	1919
Used:	1	Service Date:	1919
User(s):	Kaitseliit (Defense League)	1919

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Kaitseliit (Defense League)
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	??? t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	??? m	??? m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	37-mm Hotchkiss (???)	???, Manual, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	20 rpm
2 x	7,62-mm PM obr. 1910 g. (???)	???, Manual, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	600 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
37 mm Gun
	Steel fragmentation	APHE	0.5 kg/40 g ???, 15 mm @ 442 m/s
	Cast iron Hotchkiss	HE	0.5 kg/??? g ???, ??? mm @ 442 m/s
	Cast iron fragmentation	HE	0.51 kg/??? g ???, ??? mm @ 442 m/s
	Canister	Cn	??? kg/75 balls, ??? mm @ 442 m/s
	Canister short	Cn	0.51 kg/50 balls, ??? mm @ 442 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom,for 37-mm Hotchkiss

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All front	6 mm @ ??°	Wood/Trench Plates
Sidewards
All side	6 mm @ ??°	Wood/Trench Plates
Rearwards
All rear	6 mm @ ??°	Wood/Trench Plates

Crew
??	Total

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - Renault
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	??? kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	???
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	???
Road wheels:	???
	Type:	???
	Steering:	???

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	??? km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	??? kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
The “Tasuja” was the second of the two initial experimental armored cars produced by Estonia, alongside the armored car “Estonia.” It aimed to solve the issue of the Estonia being too overweight to move outside of Tallinn and did so by utilizing a wooden, instead of steel, frame, and bulletproof plates taking from trench shields instead of using ship armor taken from the Tallinn Harbor. Despite that, it still only lasted in combat operations for three months, between its deployment on the 13th of January, 1919, to its loss on the 23rd of March of the same year when, and despite its comparatively lighter chassis, during operations at Orava, it caused a bridge it was traversing to collapse resulting in it becoming stuck while under fire by Bolshevik forces. It was subsequently abandoned and later scrapped.

Variants & Changes:

None

---

---

Wahur Packard-type

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Armored car
Status:	Production
Derived From:	Packard
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	1	Production Date:	1919
Producer(s):	Estonian Provisional Government	1	1919
	Tallinn Harbor Factory	1	1919
Used:	1	Service Date:	1919-???
User(s):	Kaitseliit (Defense League)	1919-???

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Kaitseliit (Defense League)
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	8.0-8.6* t t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	7.6-8.0* m	2.1-2.4* m	2.9-3.0* m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

*Can’t find clarification on which values belonged to which cars, so values are general for the entire Packard-AEC series

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	37-mm Hotchkiss (???)	Turret, Manual, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	20 rpm
2 x	7,62-mm PM obr. 1910 g. (???)	Rear Sponsons, Manual, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	600 rpm
1 x	7,62-mm Madsen (???)	Cab, Manual, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	450 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
37 mm Gun
	Steel fragmentation	APHE	0.5 kg/40 g ???, 15 mm @ 442 m/s
	Cast iron Hotchkiss	HE	0.5 kg/??? g ???, ??? mm @ 442 m/s
	Cast iron fragmentation	HE	0.51 kg/??? g ???, ??? mm @ 442 m/s
	Canister	Cn	??? kg/75 balls, ??? mm @ 442 m/s
	Canister short	Cn	0.51 kg/50 balls, ??? mm @ 442 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom,for 37-mm Hotchkiss

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All front	6-10 mm @ ??°	Trench Plates
Sidewards
All side	6-10 mm @ ??°	Trench Plates
Rearwards
All rear	6-10 mm @ ??°	Trench Plates

Crew
??	Total

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	130 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Packard
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	22 kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	???
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	4-speed	4	1
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	???
Road wheels:	???
	Type:	???
	Steering:	???

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	45.0* km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	2.6-2.8 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	65-80* cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	7.5-8.0* m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

*Can’t find clarification on which values belonged to which cars, so values are general for the entire Packard-AEC series

Summary
Following the experimental “Estonia” and “Tasuja,” a series production of six armored cars begin. Of these, this could be firmly divided into the Packard-based “Wahur” and the AEC-based types. They were all largely identical, though had various small differences between them due to the largely non-standard construction, albeit similar, construction. The “Wahur” in particular was built on a Packard chassis with a 30 hp (22 kW) engine, unlike the other AEC-based cars with 40 hp (30 kW) engines. The “Wahur” would be deployed to take part in an amphibious operation against Valmiera by landing at the wharf at Ainaži. However, Bolshevik forces at Ainaži burned the wharf down, preventing the landing of the “Wahur” and the failure for the armored force to take Valmiera. Unlike the other AEC-types, the “Wahur” would not see service until 1940, though I can’t find an exact date for when it was either lost or retired.

Variants & Changes:

None

---

---

Wahur AEC-type

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Armored car
Status:	Production
Derived From:	AEC
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	5	Production Date:	1919-1920
Producer(s):	Estonian Provisional Government	5	1919-1920
	Tallinn Harbor Factory	5	1919-1920
Used:	5	Service Date:	1919-1940
User(s):	Kaitseliit (Defense League)	1919-1920
	Maavägi (Army)	1920-1940

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Kaitseliit (Defense League)
	???
	Maavägi (Army)
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	8.0-8.6* t t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	7.6-8.0* m	2.1-2.4* m	2.9-3.0* m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

*Can’t find clarification on which values belonged to which cars, so values are general for the entire Packard-AEC series

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	37-mm Hotchkiss (???)	Turret, Manual, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	20 rpm
2 x	7,62-mm PM obr. 1910 g. (???)	Rear Sponsons, Manual, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	600 rpm
1 x	7,62-mm Madsen (???)	Cab, Manual, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	450 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
37 mm Gun
	Steel fragmentation	APHE	0.5 kg/40 g ???, 15 mm @ 442 m/s
	Cast iron Hotchkiss	HE	0.5 kg/??? g ???, ??? mm @ 442 m/s
	Cast iron fragmentation	HE	0.51 kg/??? g ???, ??? mm @ 442 m/s
	Canister	Cn	??? kg/75 balls, ??? mm @ 442 m/s
	Canister short	Cn	0.51 kg/50 balls, ??? mm @ 442 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom,for 37-mm Hotchkiss

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All front	6-10 mm @ ??°	Trench Plates
Sidewards
All side	6-10 mm @ ??°	Trench Plates
Rearwards
All rear	6-10 mm @ ??°	Trench Plates

Crew
??	Total

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	130 l
Engine(s):	1 x - AEC
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	30 kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	???
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	4-speed	4	1
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	???
Road wheels:	???
	Type:	???
	Steering:	???

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	45.0* km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	3.5-3.8* kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	65-80* cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	7.5-8.0* m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

*Can’t find clarification on which values belonged to which cars, so values are general for the entire Packard-AEC series

Summary
Following the experimental “Estonia” and “Tasuja,” a series production of six armored cars begin. Of these, this could be firmly divided into the Packard-based “Wahur” and the AEC-based types. They were all largely identical, though had various small differences between them due to the largely non-standard construction, albeit similar, construction. The AEC-types were composed of the “Toonela,” the “Wibuane,” and the “Kalevipoeg” built April of 1919, and the “Kotkasilm” and the “Erilane” (later renamed “Lembit”) built January of 1920. The armored cars would serve throughout the war of independence and despite their horrid mobility, they were still effective due to the general rarity of armored vehicles post-collapse. They would later be adopted into the Estonian army after the end of the war, and all of the cars would still be in active service when Estonia was annexed by the Soviet Union in 1940.

Variants & Changes:

• 1919: The “Wibuane” experimentally had its turret removed and an opening for a German 7,6cm mortar in its place. This was later reverted due to it being generally ineffective.

Variant Images

Armored car “Wibuane.”

Armored car “Kalevipoeg.”

Armored car “Kotkasilm,” on the left, with the “Estonia” on the right.

---

---

Pisuhänd

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Armored car
Status:	Captured Conversion
Derived From:	Peerless TC3
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	1	Production Date:	1919
Producer(s):	Russian Empire	1	1919
	???	1	1919
Used:	1	Service Date:	1919-???
User(s):	Kaitseliit (Defense League)	1919-1920
	Maavägi (Army)	1920-1940

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Kaitseliit (Defense League)
	???
	Maavägi (Army)
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	??? t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	5.7 m	2.3 m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	37-mm Hotchkiss (???)	Turret, Manual, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	20 rpm
2 x	.303-in Lewis Mk. I (???)	Turret, Manual, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	600 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
37 mm Gun
	Steel fragmentation	APHE	0.5 kg/40 g ???, 15 mm @ 442 m/s
	Cast iron Hotchkiss	HE	0.5 kg/??? g ???, ??? mm @ 442 m/s
	Cast iron fragmentation	HE	0.51 kg/??? g ???, ??? mm @ 442 m/s
	Canister	Cn	??? kg/75 balls, ??? mm @ 442 m/s
	Canister short	Cn	0.51 kg/50 balls, ??? mm @ 442 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom,for 37-mm Hotchkiss

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All front	8 mm @ 0°	RHA
Turret front	??? mm @ ??°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	8 mm @ 0°	RHA
Turret side	??? mm @ ??°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	8 mm @ 0°	RHA
Turret rear	??? mm @ ??°	RHA

Crew
??	Total

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - Peerless
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	24 kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Leaf spring
Road wheels:	4x2
	Type:	Spoked
	Steering:	Rear wheels

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	45.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	??? kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
The Pisuhänd was originally a Peerless anti-aircraft armored car captured by Finnish volunteers in Estonia. This was later donated to the Estonians who removed the anti-aircraft installation and replaced it with an enclosed turret mounting a 37-mm Hotchkiss and two machine guns. It saw action during the war of independence as a part of the armored train division.

Variants & Changes:

None

---

---

Garford-Putilov

NO IMAGES

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Armored car
Status:	Captured
Derived From:	Garford HtK 68
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	30	Production Date:	3/1915-28/9/1915
Producer(s):	Russian Empire	30	3/1915-28/9/1915
	Putilovskij Zavod	30	3/1915-28/9/1915
Used:	1	Service Date:	???
User(s):	Maavägi (Army)	???

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Maavägi (Army)
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	8.6 t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	5.7 m	2.3 m	2.8 m
Ground Clearance:	30 cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	76,2-mm obr. 1910 g. (44)	Turret, Mechanical, -/+130° @ 12.8°/s	Mechanical, -5°/+15° @ 3.2°/s	15 rpm
3 x	7,62-mm PM obr. 1910 g. (6,000)	Coaxial, Manual, -/+5° @ 60°/s	Manual, -5°/+15° @ 60°/s	600 rpm
		Sponsons, Manual, -/+81° @ 60°/s	Manual, -4°/+10° @ 60°/s	600 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
76.2 mm Gun
	Grenade 76,2-mm	HE	6.4 kg/785 g TNT, 24 mm @ 381 m/s
	Shrapnel 76,2-mm	Sh	6.5 kg/85 g TNT, 18 mm @ 381 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	1-3.5x zoom, for 76,2-mm obr. 1910 g.

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All front	6.5 mm @ 0°	RHA
Sponson	5 mm @ 0°	RHA
Hood	5 mm @ 61° (LoS 10 mm)	RHA
Exhaust cover	3 mm @ 45° (LoS 4 mm)	RHA
Sidewards
All side	6.5 mm @ 0°	RHA
Sponson	5 mm @ 0°	RHA
Rear upper panel	5 mm @ 45° (LoS 7 mm)	RHA
Rear lower panel	6.5 mm @ 35° (LoS 8 mm)	RHA
Turret side	6.5 mm @ 20° (LoS 7 mm)	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	6.5 mm @ 0°	RHA
Turret front	6.5 mm @ 23° (LoS 7 mm)	RHA
Lower	3 mm @ 0°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	3 mm @ 0°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	3 mm @ 0°	RHA

Crew
8	Total
1	Commander
1	Fore Driver
1	Aft Driver
1	Gunner
1	Gun Loader
2	Machine Gunners
1	Machine Gun Loader

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	132.4 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Putilov
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	22 kW
	@ RPM	2,500
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Putilov 4-speed	4	4
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Leaf spring
Road wheels:	4x2
	Type:	Spoked
	Steering:	Front wheels

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	18.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	18.0 km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	2.6 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	120 km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
A single Garford-Putilov was supposedly captured by Estonia during the collapse of the White Northwestern Army. However, I have not been able to find photographs of this vehicle information on if it was used in service or not.

Variants & Changes:

None

---

---

LIGHT TANKS

---

---

Renault FT

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Light tank
Status:	Imported
Derived From:	None
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	3,728	Production Date:	7/1918-10/10/1918
Producer(s):	French Republic	3,728 (all models)	1917-1919
	Renault S.A	1,850~	???
	Berliet	800~	???
	SOMUA	600~	???
	Delaunay-Belleville	280~	???
Used:	12	Service Date:	1924-1940
User(s):	Maavägi (Army)	1924-1940

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Maavägi (Army)
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	6.7 t
Ground Pressure:	0.5 kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	5.0 m	1.74 m	2.14 m
Ground Clearance:	43 cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	37 S.A. mle 1918 (233)	Turret, Mechanical, -/+360° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -2°/+35° @ ??°/s	20 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
37 mm Gun
	OR 37 mle 1892	APHE	0.5 kg/15 g F3, 14 mm @ 388 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1916	HE	0.56 kg/30 g Melinite, 6 mm @ 365 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1888M	HE	0.455 kg/22 g F3, 5 mm @ 402 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ??? telescopic	Sight	??x zoom, for 37 S.A. mle 1918

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Renault
Frontwards
All front	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	8 mm @ ???°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	6 mm @ ???°	RHA
Berliet-Girod
Frontwards
All front	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret front	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret side	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret rear	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	8 mm @ ???°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	6 mm @ ???°	RHA

Crew
2	Total
1	Commander, Gunner, Gun Loader
1	Driver

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	95 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Renault
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	29 kW
	@ RPM	1,500
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	4.5 l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Sliding 4-speed	4	1
Steering:	Clutch-break
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Vertical spring
Road wheels:	9/4
	Type:	Rigid non-spaced
	Idlers:	Front track
Return rollers:	6
	Type:	Rigid spaced
Drive Sprockets:	2
	Type:	15-tooth rear drive

Tracks
Type:	Continuous linked steel
	Shoes:	32
	Length:	??? cm
	Width:	34 cm
	Pitch:	??? cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	2 m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	8.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	4.3 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	26.5°
Maximum Trench:	1.35 m
Maximum Wall:	0.6 m
Maximum Fording:	70 cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	60 km
	Mileage:	158 l/100 km

Summary
Estonia received twelve Renault FT in 1924, four of which were armed with cannons in either Renault or Berliet-Girod turret. They also received tanks with Girod-Renault turrets, though those were only armed with machine guns, but it made them notable as being one of the few Renault FT users to receive all three different turret types. They saw service until 1940, alongside Estonia’s Mk. V tanks, before the country would surrender without a fight, along with Latvia and Lithuania, upon Soviet demands to militarily occupy the country which would later lead to the their annexation.

Variants & Changes:

None

---

---

HEAVY TANKS

---

---

Mark V Hermaphrodite

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Heavy tank
Status:	Captured
Derived From:	Mark IV
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	400 (all models)	Production Date:	1917-1918
Producer(s):	United Kingdom	400	1917-1918
	Metropolitan Carriage Wagon & Finance Co.	400	???
Used:	4	Service Date:	1919-1940
User(s):	Maavägi (Army)	1919-1940

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Maavägi (Army)
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	30.0 t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	8.0 m	4.1 m	2.64 m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	Q.F. Hotchkiss 6-pr. 6-cwt. Mk. I/II (282)	Right/Left Sponson, Mechanical, -/+52.5° @ 15°/s	Mechanical, -6°/+12° @ 4°/s	20 rpm
5 x	.303-in Hotchkiss Mk. I (6,000)	Left/Right Sponsons, Mechanical, -/+52.5° @ 15°/s	Manual, -6°/+12° @ 60°/s	450 rpm
		Ballports, Manual, -/+45° @ 60°/s	Manual, -10°/+10° @ 60°/s	450 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
6-pr. 6-cwt. Gun
	Q.F., 6-pr., M.D., Steel Shell, Mk. XIII	SAPHE	2.72 kg/15 g Lyddite, 37 mm @ 411 m/s
	Q.F., 6-pr., M.D., Common Shell, Mk. III	HE	2.72 kg/160 g TNT, 5 mm @ 411 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
2 x - ??? telescopic	Sight	2-3.5x zoom, for 6-pr. 6-cwt.

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
Lower frontal glacis	16 mm @ 61° (LoS 33 mm)	RHA
Lowest frontal glacis	16 mm @ 69° (LoS 45 mm)	RHA
Upper frontal glacis	16 mm @ 44° (LoS 22 mm)	RHA
Towers front	16 mm @ 0°	RHA
Sponson front	16 mm @ 30° (LoS 18 mm)	RHA
Sidewards
All side	12 mm @ 0°	RHA
Sponson lower side	12 mm @ 38° (LoS 15 mm)	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	12 mm @ 0°	RHA
Tower rear	12 mm @ 34° (LoS 14 mm)	RHA
Sponson rear	12 mm @ 15° (LoS 12 mm)	RHA
Rear glacis	12 mm @ 72° (LoS 39 mm)	RHA
Upwards
Roof	8 mm @ 0°	RHA
Front roof	8 mm @ 82°	RHA
Upper rear roof	8 mm @ 82°	RHA
Lower rear roof	12 mm @ 74°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	6 mm @ 0°	RHA
Inwards
Inner track-sponson	12 mm	RHA
Sponson stowage	12 mm	RHA
Engine wall	12 mm	RHA
Transmission cover	12 mm	RHA

Crew
8	Total
1	Commander, Assistant Driver
1	Driver, Machine Gunner, Machine Gun Loader
1	Mechanic, Machine Gunner, Machine Gun Loader
1	Mechanic
1	Gunner
1	Gun Loader, Machine Gunner, Machine Gun Loader
2	Machine Gunners, Machine Gun Loaders

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	420 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Ricardo
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	110 kW
	@ RPM	1,200
	Cylinder:	6
	Capacity:	19 l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Wilson epicyclic 4-speed	4	1
Steering:	Wilson epicyclic clutch-break
Brakes:	Mechanical

Suspension
Type:	None
Road wheels:	26
	Type:	Rigid non-spaced
	Idlers:	Adjustable front track
Return rollers:	10
	Type:	Top track
Drive Sprockets:	2
	Type:	30-tooth rear drive

Tracks
Type:	Continuous linked steel
	Shoes:	90
	Length:	22.23 cm
	Width:	67.31 cm
	Pitch:	19.05 cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	??? m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	7.7 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	1.4 km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	3.7 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	???°
Maximum Trench:	3.5 m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	72 km
	Mileage:	583 l/100 km

Summary
While Estonia had requested tanks from the Entente, their request was refused. So, their Mk. V Composites only came about due to the collapse of the Northwestern Army under the command of Yudenich. They saw service until 1940 before the country would surrender without a fight, along with Latvia and Lithuania, upon Soviet demands to militarily occupy the country which would later lead to the their annexation. The last recorded action of the Mk. V, while in Soviet service, was of being brought of storage and then emplaced along the coast of the Pirita as static bunkers. However, it’s unknown if they were actually used and, if they were, to what success.

Variants & Changes:

None

---

---

Latvian Vehicles

---

---

ARMORED CARS

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---

Pierce-Arrow

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Armored car
Status:	Captured
Derived From:	Pierce-Arrow 5 t
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	2	Production Date:	1916
Producer(s):	Russian Empire	2	1916
	Izhorskij Zavod	2	1916
Used:	1	Service Date:	1919-1940
User(s):	Latvijas Bruņotie spēki (Latvian Armed Forces)	1919-1940

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Latvijas Bruņotie spēki (Latvian Armed Forces)
	Autotanku pulku	1927-1940	↓Reorganized↓
	Autotanku brigāde	1940	Disbanded

Dimensions
Weight:	??? t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	??? m	??? m	??? m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	76,2-mm obr. 1904 g. (???)	Turret, Mechanical, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	6 rpm
2 x	7,62-mm PM obr. 1910 g. (???)	Sponsons, Mechanical, -/+???° @ ??°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ 60°/s	600 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
76.2 mm Gun
	Grenade 76,2-mm	HE	6.4 kg/785 g TNT, 24 mm @ 290 m/s
	Shrapnel 76,2-mm	Sh	6.5 kg/85 g TNT, ??? mm @ 290 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	??x zoom, for 76,2-mm obr. 1904 g.

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All front	4.5 mm @ ??°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	4.5 mm @ ??°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear[/u]	4.5 mm @ ??°	RHA
Upwards[/u]
Roof	4.5 mm @ ??°	RHA

Crew
6[/u]	Total
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
2	Gun Loaders
2	Machine Gunners, Machine Gun Loaders

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - ???
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	??? kW
	@ RPM:	???
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Leaf spring
Road wheels:	4x2
	Type:	Solid
	Steering:	Front wheels

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	??? km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	??? kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
Of the two Pierce-Arrow constructed, one was captured by the German Army and would later be turned over to the Entente, and the second, named “Titanik” in Russian service, was captured by the Latvians and renamed to the “Viesturs.” Alongside the Garford-Putilov that they named the “Kurzemnieks” and the six other machine gun-armed armored cars, they formed the core of the new autotank brigade as the armored car company. They all saw service until 1940, where they would be transferred to the Soviet army, and likely scrapped, upon the Soviet annexation of the Baltics.

Variants & Changes:

None

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---

Garford-Putilov

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Armored car
Status:	Captured
Derived From:	Garford HtK 68
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	30	Production Date:	3/1915-28/9/1915
Producer(s):	Russian Empire	30	3/1915-28/9/1915
	Putilovskij Zavod	30	3/1915-28/9/1915
Used:	1	Service Date:	1919-1940
User(s):	Latvijas Bruņotie spēki (Latvian Armed Forces)	1919-1940

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Latvijas Bruņotie spēki (Latvian Armed Forces)
	Autotanku pulku	1927-1940	↓Reorganized↓
	Autotanku brigāde	1940	Disbanded

Dimensions
Weight:	8.6 t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	5.7 m	2.3 m	2.8 m
Ground Clearance:	30 cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	76,2-mm obr. 1910 g. (44)	Turret, Mechanical, -/+130° @ 12.8°/s	Mechanical, -5°/+15° @ 3.2°/s	15 rpm
3 x	7,62-mm PM obr. 1910 g. (6,000)	Coaxial, Manual, -/+5° @ 60°/s	Manual, -5°/+15° @ 60°/s	600 rpm
		Sponsons, Manual, -/+81° @ 60°/s	Manual, -4°/+10° @ 60°/s	600 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
76.2 mm Gun
	Grenade 76,2-mm	HE	6.4 kg/785 g TNT, 24 mm @ 381 m/s
	Shrapnel 76,2-mm	Sh	6.5 kg/85 g TNT, 18 mm @ 381 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	1-3.5x zoom, for 76,2-mm obr. 1910 g.

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All front	6.5 mm @ 0°	RHA
Sponson	5 mm @ 0°	RHA
Hood	5 mm @ 61° (LoS 10 mm)	RHA
Exhaust cover	3 mm @ 45° (LoS 4 mm)	RHA
Sidewards
All side	6.5 mm @ 0°	RHA
Sponson	5 mm @ 0°	RHA
Rear upper panel	5 mm @ 45° (LoS 7 mm)	RHA
Rear lower panel	6.5 mm @ 35° (LoS 8 mm)	RHA
Turret side	6.5 mm @ 20° (LoS 7 mm)	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	6.5 mm @ 0°	RHA
Turret front	6.5 mm @ 23° (LoS 7 mm)	RHA
Lower	3 mm @ 0°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	3 mm @ 0°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	3 mm @ 0°	RHA

Crew
8	Total
1	Commander, Assistant Driver
1	Driver, Machine Gunner, Machine Gun Loader
1	Mechanic, Machine Gunner, Machine Gun Loader
1	Mechanic
1	Gunner
1	Gun Loader, Machine Gunner, Machine Gun Loader
2	Machine Gunners, Machine Gun Loaders

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	132.4 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Putilov
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	22 kW
	@ RPM	2,500
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Putilov 4-speed	4	4
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Leaf spring
Road wheels:	4x2
	Type:	Spoked
	Steering:	Front wheels

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	18.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	18.0 km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	2.6 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	120 km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
A single Garford-Putilov was captured by Latvia in 1919 as a war trophy and named the “Kurzemnieks.” Alongside the Pierce-Arrow that they named the “Viesturs” and the six other machine gun-armed armored cars, they formed the core of the new autotank brigade as the armored car company. They all saw service until 1940, where they would be transferred to the Soviet army, and likely scrapped, upon the Soviet annexation of the Baltics.

Variants & Changes:

None

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---

LIGHT TANKS

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---

Fiat 3000A

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Light tank
Status:	Imported
Derived From:	None
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	100~ (all models)	Production Date:	05/1919-???
Producer(s):	Kingdom of Italy	40~	05/1919-???
	???
Used:	2	Service Date:	1927-1940
User(s):	Latvijas Bruņotie spēki (Latvian Armed Forces)	1927-1940

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Latvijas Bruņotie spēki (Latvian Armed Forces)
	Autotanku pulku	1927-1940	↓Reorganized↓
	Autotanku brigāde	1940	Disbanded

Dimensions
Weight:	5.1 t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	4.29 m	1.65 m	2.20 m
Ground Clearance:	35 cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	37 S.A. mle 1918 (???)	Turret, Mechanical, -/+180° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	20 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
37 mm Gun
	OR 37 mle 1892	APHE	0.5 kg/15 g F3, 14 mm @ 388 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1916	HE	0.56 kg/30 g Melinite, 6 mm @ 365 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1888M	HE	0.455 kg/22 g F3, 5 mm @ 402 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ??? telescopic	Sight	??x zoom, for 37 S.A. mle 1918

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All front	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	8 mm @ ???°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	8 mm @ ???°	RHA
Upwards
Turret Roof	8 mm @ ???°	RHA
Hull Roof	6 mm @ ???°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	6 mm @ ???°	RHA

Crew
2	Total
1	Commander, Gunner, Gun Loader
1	Driver

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	90 l
Engine(s):	1 x - FIAT tipo 304
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	37 kW
	@ RPM	1,500
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	6.236 l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	3-speed	3	1
Steering:	Clutch-break
Brakes:	Mechanical

Suspension
Type:	Vertical spring
Road wheels:	8/4
	Type:	???
	Idlers:	Front track
Return rollers:	5
	Type:	???
Drive Sprockets:	2
	Type:	Rear drive

Tracks
Type:	Continuous linked steel
	Shoes:	52
	Length:	??? cm
	Width:	28 cm
	Pitch:	??? cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	??? m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	21.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	9.2 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	51°
Maximum Trench:	1.8 m
Maximum Wall:	0.6 m
Maximum Fording:	110 cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	95 km
	Mileage:	106 l/100 km

Summary
Six Fiat 3000A were purchased in 1927 as Latvia’s first light tanks, and served alongside their already existing Mark V Hermaphrodite and Medium Mark B. Two of four tanks were armed unusual, in that they were armed with French 37 S.A. mle 1918 guns instead of machine guns. On Italian Fiats, a cannon, in the form of the Vickers-Terni 37/40, wouldn’t be introduced until 1930. These Latvian Fiats served until 1940, when Latvia was then annexed by the Soviet Union. It is presumed that the Fiats were later scrapped.

Variants & Changes:

None

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HEAVY TANKS

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Mark V Hermaphrodite

General
Name(s):	???
Type:	Heavy tank
Status:	Imported
Derived From:	Mark IV
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	400 (all models)	Production Date:	1917-1918
Producer(s):	United Kingdom	400	1917-1918
	Metropolitan Carriage Wagon & Finance Co.	400	???
Used:	3	Service Date:	1920-1940
User(s):	Latvijas Bruņotie spēki (Latvian Armed Forces)	1920-1940

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Latvijas Bruņotie spēki (Latvian Armed Forces)
	Autotanku pulku	1920-1940	↓Reorganized↓
	Autotanku brigāde	1940	Disbanded

Dimensions
Weight:	30.0 t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	8.0 m	4.1 m	2.64 m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	Q.F. Hotchkiss 6-pr. 6-cwt. Mk. I/II (282)	Right/Left Sponson, Mechanical, -/+52.5° @ 15°/s	Mechanical, -6°/+12° @ 4°/s	20 rpm
5 x	.303-in Hotchkiss Mk. I (6,000)	Left/Right Sponsons, Mechanical, -/+52.5° @ 15°/s	Manual, -6°/+12° @ 60°/s	450 rpm
		Ballports, Manual, -/+45° @ 60°/s	Manual, -10°/+10° @ 60°/s	450 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
6-pr. 6-cwt. Gun
	Q.F., 6-pr., M.D., Steel Shell, Mk. XIII	SAPHE	2.72 kg/15 g Lyddite, 37 mm @ 411 m/s
	Q.F., 6-pr., M.D., Common Shell, Mk. III	HE	2.72 kg/160 g TNT, 5 mm @ 411 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
2 x - ??? telescopic	Sight	2-3.5x zoom, for 6-pr. 6-cwt.

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
Lower frontal glacis	16 mm @ 61° (LoS 33 mm)	RHA
Lowest frontal glacis	16 mm @ 69° (LoS 45 mm)	RHA
Upper frontal glacis	16 mm @ 44° (LoS 22 mm)	RHA
Towers front	16 mm @ 0°	RHA
Sponson front	16 mm @ 30° (LoS 18 mm)	RHA
Sidewards
All side	12 mm @ 0°	RHA
Sponson lower side	12 mm @ 38° (LoS 15 mm)	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	12 mm @ 0°	RHA
Tower rear	12 mm @ 34° (LoS 14 mm)	RHA
Sponson rear	12 mm @ 15° (LoS 12 mm)	RHA
Rear glacis	12 mm @ 72° (LoS 39 mm)	RHA
Upwards
Roof	8 mm @ 0°	RHA
Front roof	8 mm @ 82°	RHA
Upper rear roof	8 mm @ 82°	RHA
Lower rear roof	12 mm @ 74°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	6 mm @ 0°	RHA
Inwards
Inner track-sponson	12 mm	RHA
Sponson stowage	12 mm	RHA
Engine wall	12 mm	RHA
Transmission cover	12 mm	RHA

Crew
8	Total
1	Commander, Assistant Driver
1	Driver, Machine Gunner, Machine Gun Loader
1	Mechanic, Machine Gunner, Machine Gun Loader
1	Mechanic
1	Gunner
1	Gun Loader, Machine Gunner, Machine Gun Loader
2	Machine Gunners, Machine Gun Loaders

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	420 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Ricardo
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	110 kW
	@ RPM	1,200
	Cylinder:	6
	Capacity:	19 l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Wilson epicyclic 4-speed	4	1
Steering:	Wilson epicyclic clutch-break
Brakes:	Mechanical

Suspension
Type:	None
Road wheels:	26
	Type:	Rigid non-spaced
	Idlers:	Adjustable front track
Return rollers:	10
	Type:	Top track
Drive Sprockets:	2
	Type:	30-tooth rear drive

Tracks
Type:	Continuous linked steel
	Shoes:	90
	Length:	22.23 cm
	Width:	67.31 cm
	Pitch:	19.05 cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	??? m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	7.7 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	1.4 km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	3.7 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	???°
Maximum Trench:	3.5 m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	72 km
	Mileage:	583 l/100 km

Summary
Latvia imported numerous tanks in 1920s to create a fledging armored force. Among these were several Mark V Hermaphrodites which would see service through to 1940, where they were then transferred to the Soviet army upon their occupation of the Baltics and presumably scrapped.

Variants & Changes:

None

---

---

Polish Vehicles

---

---

ARMORED CARS

---

---

Peugeot

General
Name(s):	Samochód pancerny Peugeot
Type:	Armored car
Status:	Imported
Derived From:	Peugeot type 146
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	270	Production Date:	1914-1915
Producer(s):	French Republic	270	1914-1915
	Peugeot	270	1914-1915
Used:	18	Service Date:	1920-1939
User(s):	Wojska Lądowe (Land Forces)	1920-1935
Obrona Narodowa (National Defense)	1935-1939

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Wojska Lądowe (Land Forces)
	1 Szwadron samochodów pancernych	1920-???	Disbanded
	2 Szwadron samochodów pancernych	1920-???	Disbanded
	Obrona Narodowa (National Defense)
	???

Dimensions
Weight:	5.0 t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	4.8 m	1.8 m	2.8 m
Ground Clearance:	??? cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
AM Car
1 x	8 mm Hotchkiss wz. 14 (2,500)	Pedestal, Manual, -/+180° @ ??°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ 60°/s	450 rpm
AM Car (1925)
1 x	7,92 mm Hotchkiss wz. 25 (2,500)	Pedestal, Manual, -/+180° @ ??°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ 60°/s	480 rpm
AC Car
1 x	37 mm wz. SA Puteaux (40)	Pedestal, Manual, -/+180° @ ??°/s	Manual, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	20 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
37 mm Gun
	OR 37 mle 1892	APHE	0.5 kg/15 g F3, 14 mm @ 388 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1916	HE	0.56 kg/30 g Melinite, 6 mm @ 365 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1888M	HE	0.455 kg/22 g F3, 5 mm @ 402 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
AC Car
1 x - ???	Sight	???x zoom, for 37 mm wz. SA Puteaux

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
Frontwards
All front	5.5 mm @ ??°	Chrome steel
Sidewards
All side	5.5 mm @ ??°	Chrome steel
Rearwards
All rear	5.5 mm @ ??°	Chrome steel
Gunshield	??? mm @ ??°	Chrome steel
Upwards
Roof	??? mm @ ??°	???
Downwards
Floor	??? mm @ ??°	???

Crew
3	AM Car
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Machine Gunner, Machine Gun Loader
4	AC Car
1	Commander
1	Driver
1	Gunner
1	Gun Loader

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	??? l
Engine(s):	1 x - Peugeot
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	13 kW
	@ RPM	???
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	???	??	??
Steering:	???
Brakes:	Mechanical

Suspension
Type:	???
Road wheels:	4x2
	Type:	???
	Steering:	???

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	40.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	2.6 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	???°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	??? km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
The Peugeot was Poland’s main armored car during the 1920s. Of the eighteen sent to Poland, only six had cannons. However, since it arrived too late to see action in the First Polish-Soviet War, its history within the army was fairly unremarkable. Alongside the Garford-Putilov, the AC Peugeot were the only armored cars with cannons until the later introduction of the domestically produced wz. 28. Two squadrons were organized in the military for the Peugeots, though they were often reorganized to other units at times. In 1935, with nearly 200 far more modern armored cars in service, the remaining Peugeots were retired from the army and given to the National Defense. There, the Peugeots would see action during the defense of Poland. Unfortunately, no Peugeot would survive the war.

Variants & Changes:

• Type 146: The last 150 cars were produced in both AM and AC versions on the Peugeot type 146 chassis and were fully armored. 16 built on this chassis were sent to Poland.
  • Type 148: Type 146 production was supplemented by nearly identical Peugeot type 148 chassis. 2 built on this chassis were sent to Poland.
• 1920s: Main gears were strengthened in CWS workshops due to an overloaded chassis.
• 1925: AM cars had their earlier 8 mm Hotchkiss wz. 14 machine guns replaced by 7,92 mm Hotchkiss wz. 25 machine guns.

Variant Images

Peugeot with Hotchkiss machine gun.

---

---

Garford-Putilov

General
Name(s):	Samochód pancerny Garford-Putilov
Type:	Armored car
Status:	Captured
Derived From:	Garford HtK 68
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	30	Production Date:	3/1915-28/9/1915
Producer(s):	Russian Empire	30	3/1915-28/9/1915
	Putilovskij Zavod	30	3/1915-28/9/1915
Used:	3	Service Date:	1919-1927
User(s):	Wojska Lądowe (Land Forces)	1919-1927

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Wojska Lądowe (Land Forces)
	Pluton pancerny “Dziadek”	1919-???	↓↓↓Transferred↓↓↓
	Wielkopolski pluton samochodów pancernych	1920	↓Transferred↓
	3 Dywizja pancernej	1920-???	↓Transferred↓
	5 Dywizja pancernej	1925-1927	Removed

Dimensions
Weight:	8.6 t
Ground Pressure:	??? kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	5.7 m	2.3 m	2.8 m
Ground Clearance:	30 cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	76,2-mm obr. 1910 g. (44)	Turret, Mechanical, -/+130° @ 12.8°/s	Mechanical, -5°/+15° @ 3.2°/s	15 rpm
3 x	7,62-mm PM obr. 1910 g. (6,000)	Coaxial, Manual, -/+5° @ 60°/s	Manual, -5°/+15° @ 60°/s	600 rpm
		Sponsons, Manual, -/+81° @ 60°/s	Manual, -4°/+10° @ 60°/s	600 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
76.2 mm Gun
	Grenade 76,2-mm	HE	6.4 kg/785 g TNT, 24 mm @ 381 m/s
	Shrapnel 76,2-mm	Sh	6.5 kg/85 g TNT, 18 mm @ 381 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ???	Sight	1-3.5x zoom, for 76,2-mm obr. 1910 g.

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Frontwards
All front	6.5 mm @ 0°	RHA
Sponson	5 mm @ 0°	RHA
Hood	5 mm @ 61° (LoS 10 mm)	RHA
Exhaust cover	3 mm @ 45° (LoS 4 mm)	RHA
Sidewards
All side	6.5 mm @ 0°	RHA
Sponson	5 mm @ 0°	RHA
Rear upper panel	5 mm @ 45° (LoS 7 mm)	RHA
Rear lower panel	6.5 mm @ 35° (LoS 8 mm)	RHA
Turret side	6.5 mm @ 20° (LoS 7 mm)	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	6.5 mm @ 0°	RHA
Turret front	6.5 mm @ 23° (LoS 7 mm)	RHA
Lower	3 mm @ 0°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	3 mm @ 0°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	3 mm @ 0°	RHA

Crew
8	Total
1	Commander, Assistant Driver
1	Driver, Machine Gunner, Machine Gun Loader
1	Mechanic, Machine Gunner, Machine Gun Loader
1	Mechanic
1	Gunner
1	Gun Loader, Machine Gunner, Machine Gun Loader
2	Machine Gunners, Machine Gun Loaders

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	132.4 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Putilov
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	22 kW
	@ RPM	2,500
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	??? l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Putilov 4-speed	4	4
Steering:	???
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Leaf spring
Road wheels:	4x2
	Type:	Spoked
	Steering:	Front wheels

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	18.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	18.0 km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	2.6 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	??°
Maximum Trench:	??? m
Maximum Wall:	??? m
Maximum Fording:	??? cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	120 km
	Mileage:	??? l/100 km

Summary
Three Garford-Putilovs would be captured and used by the Polish military. The first was captured in 1919 and named “Dziadek,” then serving in its own independent platoon. The second was captured around the same time and named “Zagłoba” and was used alongside “Dziadek.” The last, named “General Szeptycki,” was captured in 1920. All three served throughout the First Polish-Soviet War and up to 1927, when they were then all retired.

Variants & Changes:

None

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LIGHT TANKS

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Renault FT

General
Name(s):	Czołg lekki Renault FT
Type:	Light tank
Status:	Imported/License-Production
Derived From:	None
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	3,728	Production Date:	7/1918-10/10/1918
Producer(s):	French Republic	3,728 (all models)	1917-1919
	Renault S.A	1,850~	???
	Berliet	800~	???
	SOMUA	600~	???
	Delaunay-Belleville	280~	???
	Republic of Poland	27	1926
	CWS	27	1926
Used:	176	Service Date:	1919-1939
User(s):	Wojska Lądowe (Land Forces)	1919-1939

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Wojska Lądowe (Land Forces)
	???		↓Transferred↓
	2 Batalion pancerny	09/1939-10/1939	Disbanded

Dimensions
Weight:	6.7 t
Ground Pressure:	0.5 kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	5.0 m	1.74 m	2.14 m
Ground Clearance:	43 cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
1 x	37 mm wz. 18 Puteaux (233)	Turret, Mechanical, -/+360° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -2°/+35° @ ??°/s	20 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
37 mm Gun
	OR 37 mle 1892	APHE	0.5 kg/15 g F3, 14 mm @ 388 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1916	HE	0.56 kg/30 g Melinite, 6 mm @ 365 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1888M	HE	0.455 kg/22 g F3, 5 mm @ 402 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ??? telescopic	Sight	??x zoom, for 37 mm wz. 18 Puteaux

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Renault
Frontwards
All front	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	8 mm @ ???°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	6 mm @ ???°	RHA
Berliet-Girod
Frontwards
All front	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret front	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret side	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret rear	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	8 mm @ ???°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	6 mm @ ???°	RHA
CWS
Frontwards
All front	16 mm @ ???°	Mild steel
Turret front	22 mm @ ???°	Mild steel
Sidewards
All side	16 mm @ ???°	Mild steel
Turret side	22 mm @ ???°	Mild steel
Rearwards
All rear	16 mm @ ???°	Mild steel
Turret rear	22 mm @ ???°	Mild steel
Upwards
Roof	8 mm @ ???°	Mild steel
Downwards
Floor	6 mm @ ???°	Mild steel

Crew
2	Total
1	Commander, Gunner, Gun Loader
1	Driver

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	95 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Renault
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	29 kW
	@ RPM	1,500
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	4.5 l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Sliding 4-speed	4	1
Steering:	Clutch-break
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Vertical spring
Road wheels:	9/4
	Type:	Rigid non-spaced
	Idlers:	Front track
Return rollers:	6
	Type:	Rigid spaced
Drive Sprockets:	2
	Type:	15-tooth rear drive

Tracks
Type:	Continuous linked steel
	Shoes:	32
	Length:	??? cm
	Width:	34 cm
	Pitch:	??? cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	2 m

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	8.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	4.3 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	26.5°
Maximum Trench:	1.35 m
Maximum Wall:	0.6 m
Maximum Fording:	70 cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	60 km
	Mileage:	158 l/100 km

Summary
Renault FT first saw service with the Polish during the First Polish-Soviet War, having first arrived late 1919. Initially, the units were led by French commanders, but as French forces were recalled, full Polish command was introduced. In total, eight Polish Renault FTs would be destroyed during the war, with 135 mainline Renault FT still in service by the 1930s. In 1924, six radio command tanks would be purchased, followed by a purchase of five Renault M27 and a single Renault NC27 in 1929. To supplement the existing Renault FT, a further 27 were domestically produced by CWS using unarmored steel. Attempts to modernize the tank with new turrets, suspensions, and engine systems were attempted, but ultimately unsuccessful. Despite how outdated they were, the tanks would see extensive use during the defense of Poland in 1939, oftentimes being used as impromptu turrets of armored trains or serving unconventional uses such as creating roadblocks for German forces. All Renault FT would be lost in Poland, though Polish forces-in-exile in France would use French Renault FT for training.

Variants & Changes:

• 1917-1918: Girod-Renault turrets were replaced by Berliet-Girod cylindrical omnibus turrets in Berliet, SOMUA, and Delaunay-Belleville productions. This removed the cheekbones for a smooth face and uparmored to 22 mm thick. This was the most common type used and was produced alongside the Renault turret.
• 1917-1918: Girod-Renault turrets were replaced by Renault riveted omnibus turrets in Renault productions. This can be easily differentiated by the riveting and flat armor plates. This was installed approximately 1,147 tanks and was produced alongside the Berliet-Girod turret.
• 1926-1939: At least 65 tanks fitted with small-link tracks, increasing their maximum speed and improving dampening.
• “Iron tanks,” 1926: 27 tanks, built out of mild steel, were constructed by CWS and relegated to training units.
  • 1926-1939: A portion of the “iron tanks” were fitted with small-link tracks.
• “Hanus,” 1930s: A single Renault FT, named Hanus, had its engine compartment enlarged to accomodate the installation of an improved cooling system.

Variant Images

Cannon-armed tanks, with a Berliet-Girod turret on the left and a Renault turret on the right.

CWS-produced tank on the left, with an imported Berliet-Girod turreted tank on the right.

CWS-produced tank, with small-link tracks.

Renault FT “Hanus” with enlarged engine compartment for improved engine cooling system.

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Renault M27

General
Name(s):	Czołg lekki Renault M27
Type:	Light tank
Status:	Imported
Derived From:	Renault FT
Derivatives:	None
Produced:	???	Production Date:	???
Producer(s):	French Republic	???	???
	???	???	???
Used:	5	Service Date:	1929-1939
User(s):	Wojska Lądowe (Land Forces)	1929-1939

Full User(s) List

–	Unit	Date	Status
User(s):	Wojska Lądowe (Land Forces)
	???		↓Transferred↓
	2 Batalion pancerny	09/1939-10/1939	Disbanded

Dimensions
Weight:	6.7 t
Ground Pressure:	0.5 kg/cm²
	Length	Width	Height
Vehicle:	5.0 m	1.74 m	2.14 m
Ground Clearance:	43 cm

Armaments
# of	Munition (Ammo #)	Location(s), Type, Horizontal	Type, Vertical	Firing Rate
Original
1 x	37 mm wz. 18 Puteaux (233)	Turret, Mechanical, -/+360° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -2°/+35° @ ??°/s	20 rpm
“wz. 32” Turret
1 x	37 mm wz. 18 Puteaux (???)	Turret, Mechanical, -/+360° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	20 rpm
1 x	7,92 mm wz. 30 (???)	Turret, Mechanical, -/+360° @ ??°/s	Mechanical, -??°/+??° @ ??°/s	450 rpm

Ammunition
	Bullet	Type	Weight/Filler, Penetration @ Velocity
37 mm Gun
	OR 37 mle 1892	APHE	0.5 kg/15 g F3, 14 mm @ 388 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1916	HE	0.56 kg/30 g Melinite, 6 mm @ 365 m/s
	OE 37 mle 1888M	HE	0.455 kg/22 g F3, 5 mm @ 402 m/s

Devices
# of - Name	Type	Effect, Location/for
1 x - ??? telescopic	Sight	??x zoom, for 37 mm wz. 18 Puteaux

Protection
Location	Thickness	Type
Original
Frontwards
All front	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret front	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Sidewards
All side	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret side	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Rearwards
All rear	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret rear	22 mm @ ???°	RHA
Upwards
Roof	8 mm @ ???°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	6 mm @ ???°	RHA
“wz. 32” Turret
Frontwards
All front	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret front	??? mm @ ???°	???
Sidewards
All side	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret side	??? mm @ ???°	???
Rearwards
All rear	16 mm @ ???°	RHA
Turret rear	??? mm @ ???°	???
Upwards
Roof	8 mm @ ???°	RHA
Downwards
Floor	6 mm @ ???°	RHA

Crew
2	Total
1	Commander, Gunner, Gun Loader
1	Driver

Automotive
Fuel Capacity:	95 l
Engine(s):	1 x - Renault
	Type:	Gasoline
	Horsepower:	29 kW
	@ RPM	1,500
	Cylinder:	4
	Capacity:	4.5 l
		Foward	Reverse
Transmission:	Sliding 4-speed	4	1
Steering:	Clutch-break
Brakes:	???

Suspension
Type:	Vertical spring
Road wheels:	9/4
	Type:	Rigid non-spaced
	Idlers:	Front track
Return rollers:	6 or 3*
	Type:	Rigid spaced
Drive Sprockets:	2
	Type:	Wheeled or 26-tooth** rear drive

*Return rollers reduced to three on the Vickers suspension prototype.
**26-tooth rear dive installed on the Vickers suspension prototype.

Tracks
Type:	Continuous linked rubber or steel*
	Shoes:	32
	Length:	??? cm
	Width:	34 cm
	Pitch:	??? cm
	Depth:	??? cm
Ground Contact:	2 m

*Steel tracks installed on the Vickers suspension prototype.

Mobility
Maximum Forward Speed:	13.0 km/h
Maximum Reverse Speed:	??? km/h
Power-to-Weight Ratio:	4.3 kW/t
Maximum Grade:	26.5°
Maximum Trench:	1.35 m
Maximum Wall:	0.6 m
Maximum Fording:	70 cm
Minimum Turning Diameter:	??? m
Cruising Range:	60 km
	Mileage:	158 l/100 km

Summary
In 1929, five Renault M27 and a single Renault NC27 were purchased. An attempt to modernize the tank, and Renault FT in general, was attempted in 1932 by modifying a tank with Vickers-based suspension and a “wz. 32” turret, but it wasn’t accepted, probably due to the adoption of the Vickers Mk. E and the development of the 7TP and 10TP tanks. The Renault M27 would see service during the defense of Poland, though only in a limited capacity as either a part of the 2nd armored battalion or as a part of improved units formed ad hoc. All Renault M27, including the Vickers suspension prototype, would be lost in Poland.

Variants & Changes:

• 1932: A single Renault FT was modified with Vickers suspension, based off of the Vickers Mk. E, an an improved transmission, and a new “wz. 32” dual-cannon/machine gun turret.
  • 1930s: “wz. 32” turret was replaced by Berliet-Girod turret after testing.
  • 1935: Engine modified in an attempt to alleviate overheating problems caused by the transmission.

Variant Images

Vickers suspension prototype, with “wz. 32” turret.

Vickers suspension prototype, with Berliet-Girod turret.

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[Ghostmaxi]

@Wiggly_Armed_Man

There are also 5cm, 7,1cm, and 7,5cm gun calibers for the Bak.

I am like >50% certain 7,1 cm doesnt actually exist and was just a missread of 7,7 cm.
5 cm was a rarely used caliber, i dont have much info on.
7,7 cm was the standart.
7,5 cm was for export. Krupp made a couple. The ammo is even in Geschossringbuch I.

[Mafiat_595]

60 pdr is wild, the GC Mk.I would be an absolute meme machine in WW1 matches.

[Mafiat_595]

I think many of these HE slinging WW1 vehicles would be good for countering armoured cars and lighter “fast” (for ww1) vehicles.

And yeah the lon-barrelled version of the FCM 1A would be a beast. Maybe I’m biased as an italian main but the FIAT 2000 model 34 with twin 37mm guns and fairly thick armour would also do well.

[Wiggly_Armed_Man]

All images that were accidentally copied over to different vehicles have been fixed. This affected the American Mk. VIII, and the British Maudslay and Albion A10.

I also tried to see if there were any Danish or Norwegian vehicles that fit this era, but unfortunately there’s not. The closest thing that either of them got to it was Denmark acquiring a Fiat 3000 in 1926. However, this was a machine gun-armed Fiat 3000 and wouldn’t be workable in-game.

[Wiggly_Armed_Man]

Does anyone have photographs of the Turkish and Swiss Renault FT? I can find photographs of machine gun-armed Renault FT, but I can’t find any of cannon-armed Renault FT despite finding claims of the Turks using cannon-armed ones alongside machine gun-armed tanks. Though, I can’t find any clarification on which type of tanks the Swiss used so they may have only used machine gun-armed tanks.

[Wiggly_Armed_Man]

Yugoslav, Brazilian, Czechoslovak, Estonian, Latvian, and Polish vehicles have been added. I think I’ve completed the list, in the sense that this is all of the (applicable) First World War vehicles. As for the accuracy I have in describing said vehicles is another question that can be answered with “no,” so if anyone has any corrections or vehicles I’ve managed to miss, then just comment and I’ll apply the changes.

[Spr4yz]

I found a higher quality image of the one that’s titled as the “Wahur AEC-type” under Estonian armored cars.

Apparently made using 5.5-6mm German trench shields.

Spoiler

source: Text i fotoalbum: "Estnisk pansarauto." -Armémuseum / DigitaltMuseum

[Wiggly_Armed_Man]

The upscaled image of the Toonela has been added.

That leaves only the Erilane as the armored car I wasn’t able to find an image of.

It’s a bit weird how Estonia just had one of the largest cannon armored car fleets during the Civil War out of all of the secession movements, but hey, they would make a nice addition to the Swedish tree that would otherwise be lacking in WW1-era vehicles.

estonia can into nordic