Well…
Red = Only taking out a crew member.
Yellow = Taking out Breech / Commander + Gunner (allowing you to shoot again).
Green = 1-shot very likely.
Nothing = Penetration very unlikely / unreliable.
In hull down position, I’d honestly take the TKX (P) over the M1A1, but I can definitely agree with you that I’d generally take the M1A1 over the Type 90 in hull down position.
Although the extra pen on the M1A1 is nice, the 4s reload is also really nice with the TKX (P). The TKX (P) also gets better gun depression (~-12 instead of -10) if they’re using suspension controls, and Gen 2 thermals with pretty good optics. I think the TKX (P) is definitely better hull-down than the M1A1 - at least in most cases.
If it’s not hull-down, though, I’d take the M1A1 in most cases if I wanted to survive / tank incoming rounds ( to a certain degree).
TKX (P) has 27.0 HP/TON while M1A1 has 26.6. TKX (P) has similar top speed as M1A1, but has a much better reverse speed (70km/h). So TKX (P) wins in mobility.
TKX (P) vs Type 90 is a bit more interesting. TKX (P) has the better reverse speed, but Type 90 has 30hp/ton, so it accelerates much better.
I’d give the Type 90 the better mobility out of the three.
The M1A1 has better turret rotation speed (40 degrees per second, instead of 30 for the TKX (P) and Type 90), but has issues with the NATO hump - something that can be avoided with the TKX (P) and Type 90. As well as the aforementioned extra gun depression via suspension control, the Japanese vehicles generally have better versatility than the M1A1.
As for firepower, the M1A1 has a pretty good round for 11.3, but it’s still not enough pen to reliably UFP of the T-80UM2.
I’d say it’s very strong with the 5s reload.
As for the Type 90 / TKX (P), the DM33 equiv round is good, but not amazing - one of the lowest penning rounds at 11.3… but you can make do with a lot of things - especially weakspots like on the turret ring of the Abrams (~62mm of effective armour anyways).
Because of the low pen, it produces less spall than other rounds, so it’s a bit less easy to 1-shot reliably.
However, the 4s reload over the 5s reload on the M1A1 is great (25% longer reload in the M1A1 than the Type 90 / TKX (P)). This also allows you to bait people or recover from a bad shot much quicker than any other MBT.
I’d say they’re mostly equal - but it largely depends on the situation.
High pen is more useful for long-range sniping - where hitting weakspots is harder, but faster reload really helps getting multiple kills and finishing off opponents quicker.
For those who think the M1A1 is overperforming at 11.3 now that it gets M829A1 + 5s reload, I don’t think so. At least not any more than the Type 90 and TKX (P) is.
As for the T-80UM2 / T-80UK / T-80U, I’d say they’re all overtiered by 0.3, but I don’t think you can simply move them down since it would make T-90 / MBT-2000 / ZTZ-99-II/III mostly inferior (and so forth).
They don’t do anything particularly well other than have good armour, but pretty poor survivability, versatility, mobility, and mediocre firepower.
Most maps are close range anyways (Thanks Gaijin), so I’d take the 4s reload + DM33 most of the time. Close range maps also doesn’t really let you play hull-down, so I’d rather take the M1A1 if I wanted to tank shots. As for city maps (also CQC), it’s genereally better to be mobile and versatile, so I’d generally take the Type 90 / TKX (P) over the M1A1.
Good players prefer being mobile and still have good firepower / reload rate because good players can avoid getting shot in the first place by good positioning (something that better mobility / versatility can buy).
No wonder good players love the Type 90 so much, as well as stuff like the PT-16, M1A1, AGS, Leo 2K, and AMX-40.
I think most NATO MBTs need to be moved up by 0.3, starting from 11.3.
No reason why the M1 Abrams should be facing Type 90s, or the 2A4 against the M1A1 HC.
I mean, what is this???
Ariete (P)'s only definining quality is its great firepower, but it gets overshadowed by a vehicle with better armour, better survivability, better versatility, better reload, and better mobility - all at just a 0.7 BR increase. (Of course I’m talking about the Type 90 here).
Most 11.3s / 11.7s NATO MBTs are leagues better than most (if not all) 10.7s, which is enough to warrant a 1.0 and 1.3 BR difference for them, respectively.
We can probably keep the Ariete PSO at 11.7, as well as keeping the Leclerc / Challies at 12.0 since they’re struggling at their respective BRs anyways.