The T-90 is a highly advanced Russian main battle tank that has several advantages over the Leopard 2A7V. One of its greatest strengths is its protection system, which combines traditional armor, explosive reactive armor (ERA), and active protection systems (APS).
The T-90M can be equipped with Relikt ERA , one of Russia’s most advanced reactive armor systems. Unlike older ERA designs, Relikt is designed to provide better protection against modern APFSDS kinetic penetrators and tandem-charge shaped warheads. It works by using explosive elements that disrupt the incoming projectile, reducing its ability to penetrate the main armor.
The T-90 can also be equipped with the Shtora-1 soft-kill APS and, on newer variants, the Arena-M hard-kill APS . These systems improve survivability by detecting and confusing or intercepting incoming anti-tank missiles and guided weapons before they reach the tank. This gives the T-90 an additional layer of defense beyond its physical armor.
The T-90 also has powerful ammunition options. Its 125mm 2A46M smoothbore cannon can fire modern APFSDS rounds designed to defeat heavily armored targets, as well as high-explosive and guided missile ammunition. The ability to launch anti-tank guided missiles through the main gun gives it an advantage at long ranges, allowing it to engage targets beyond normal tank combat distances.
Another advantage is the tank’s compact design. The T-90 has a lower profile than the Leopard 2A7V, making it harder to detect and hit. Its autoloader reduces the crew size to three people and allows a consistent reload speed without needing a human loader.
While the Leopard 2A7V has excellent armor, sensors, and crew protection, the T-90 focuses on combining strong firepower, advanced defensive systems, mobility, and lower production costs. Its combination of ERA, APS, powerful ammunition, and compact design makes it one of the most capable modern tanks in service.


