It’s not about strong pilot, when a plane was thrown into compressibility dive, the control surfaces just become useless.
The spitfire was very lightly built, it benefits from a high mach limit mostly thanks to very thin wings, but in terms of IAS limitations it’s not fantastic. The P-51H saved a lot of weight over the D models by using ‘british standards’ for structural strength. It was inevitably more fragile but it’s hard to say no to the performance it allowed.
No it’s not. The spitfire was allowed for 450mph IAS @ 20000ft, while P-51D was limited by 400mph at the same altitude. We see the IAS limit for spitfire was actually HIGHER than the Mustang. Which wasn’t surprising, the IAS limit for allied aircraft was usually set differently for different altitude, which perfectly reflects the mach/reynolds effect. Something that Imperial Japan lacked the research at. With altitude becomes lower, the IAS limit will release further.
Clearly Ki-44 couldn’t reach 850kph in a dive, nor it could achieve 12.6G load factor. Everything you’ve mentioned was just structural design goal for the main wing spar, and has nothing to do with the aircraft level performance.
We see the design goal for ki-44’s wing spar been to withstand 850kph dive and 12.6G load. That is the goal for single discipline. But in reality, only 5G load and 650kph IAS was allowed in actual service, which reflects the actual performance in aircraft level, which was a multi-disciplinary result. So I see no reason you use those quote to prove ki-44 could dive 850kph, without even a single first-hand source show its ability to make a steep, controlled dive in compressibility region.
The contemporary IJA fighter manuals give Ki-43 a load factor limit of 6G, and Ki-61 with 7G. But for Ki-44 II, only 5G was allowed. At that time(late 1943), IJA already had a lot of experiences with ki-44, which reflected that the Ki-44 was structurally weak. In fact, due to this, Ki-84 was set to have a heavy elevator control to prevent the pilot from pulling too hard to damage the structure.
So I would suggest that “850kph” figure claimed in later memoirs in Ki-44 and Ki-61 may just been converted from IAS. We don’t know the altitude been set for that 650kph/700kph IAS limit, but if that happened around 15000ft, then the TAS would be 800-850kph. Which solves the myth for both Ki-44 and Ki-61’s mysterious claim on performing 850kph dive.