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HNoMS Mansfield Destroyer - Town class destroyer
BUILDING SITE: Bath Iron Works, ME, USA
PREVIOUS NAME: DD 78 USS Evans
LAUNCHED: 30 October 1918
HOIST NORWEGIAN COMMAND: 16 December 1940
ARMAMENT
3x 102mm cannons
4x 7.6mm machineguns
6x 53.3cm Torpedotubes
40x Depth charges/sinking mines
TECHNICAL DATA
Displacement: 1.090 Ton
Hull: Steel
Length: 105.1m
Width: 10.3m
Depth: 3.0m
Crew: 123 men
MACHINERY
Eigne: 2x Parson SR geared turbines
Power: 24.200 AHK
Speed: 32 knots
CALENDAR
1940: Transferred to Royal Navy, renamed HMS Mansfield
1940: Transferred to KNM 16 December, renamed Mansfield
1941: Liverpool Escort Force
1941: Went to Øksfjord to destroy the herring oil factory in Njord
1942: Norwegian command canceled 11 February
1942: Transferred to Royal Canadian Navy, renamed HMCS Mansfield
1944: Scrapped
1945: Dismantled in baltimotre in April
THE TOWN CLASS
During World War I, the Americans realized that they were “out of step” compared to other seafaring nations. The torpedo’s violent development meant that even small torpedo vessels could threaten both merchant ships and larger warships. already early during the First World War, the Americans believed that they needed a type of vessel that could fulfill the role of destroyer and escort vessel. They had to be relatively well equipped and, to be able to follow the larger warships, they also had to have good speed. the stated goal was for the US Navy to be “second to none”. the answer was the development of the so-called “fluch-deck” fighters of which no fewer than 274 were built. With a displacement of well over 1,000 tonnes and a speed of 33.35 knots, these were larger destroyers than had been available before. for reinforcement they had no less than two 5-inch, four 4-inch and one 3-inch cannon, as well as four torpedo guns with 21 inch torpedoes in each gun. the term “flush-decker” refers to the low freeboard on the ship, which in turn caused unpleasant bye seas above deck. (access to the front cannon therefore had to go via the lower decks). They were also called “four.stackers” because most of the ships had four chimneys, one for each of the boilers. after a trial series of six vessels (the Caldwell class), they further developed the concept into the Wickers class, of which they built a total of 111 from 1917 - 1919. Throughout the war, the threat from submarines gradually increased and the Wickers class was developed into the Clemson class, of which 156 were built, most after the peace in 1918.
after the war there was naturally a large surplus of these fighters. some were rebuilt for other purposes, some were chopped up and many were put into storage
in the summer of 1940, the British had lost a good number of their fighters, including during the fighting in Norway. they then began to probe the possibility of an agreement on the takeover of some of the American fighters, without agreeing on the conditions for this. after Dunkirk the situation became even more critical. the Americans then agreed to lend the British military bases in several British-controlled areas. it was a time of strong isolationist forces in the USA. but the relevant areas, including Newfoundland and areas in the West Indies and the Caribbean, were considered important in the American self-defense concept and thus the lend-lease scheme was realized. of the 50 vessels agreed on on 2 September 1940, 27 were of the Wickers class, 20 of the Clemson class and three of the first Caldwell class. The Americans then still had a little over 70 of these fighters. because of the American attitude, there was also some discussion about whether the British should be allowed to give their own names. the name issue ended with a compromise whereby they were to get new names after cities with the same name in the USA and Great Britain. Thus the class hub naturally became the Town class.
As soon as possible after the transfer, the British rebuilt most of them. variations occur but normally the heaviest guns were taken ashore and six standard 3 inch guns (caliber 50) were obtained. half of the torpedoes were also taken ashore and they received four to six 20mm anti-aircraft guns, six sinking mine-throwers and two sinking mine ranges. aft chimney and boiler were normally removed. to reduce the weight above deck, the mainmast was taken down and the height of the remaining chimneys reduced. the vessels were now equipped with radar and sonar, and even though they were old, they were relatively well equipped for the role of escort vessel.
IN NORWEGIAN SERVICE
The British naturally had some problems with plutseli and had to man 50 new vessels with a crew of around 125 men. some were operated by the Canadian navy by agreement, and it is also not surprising that Norway, on the basis of the concluded military agreement, came to operate five of the vessels
MANSFIELD
Already on 16 December 1940, before the military agreement had formally entered into force, Norwegian command was lifted on Mansfield (formally therefore as “His Majesty’s Norwegian Ship”). Mansfield thus became the first Norwegian ship with radar and asdic. essentially, Mansfield operated as part of 6 Escort Group in the Liverpool Escort Force. It participated in 22 convoys in the Atlantic and Irish Sea. In the spring of 1941, Mansfield also took part in the commando attack against the herring oil factory in Øksfjord in Finnmark. in February 1942 the Norwegian command was suspended and Mansfield was later transferred to the Canadian Navy
PICTURES AND IMPORTANT DETAILS
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SOURCES
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https://www.antikvariat.net/sv/ada18406-90-ar-under-rent-norsk-orlogsflagg-thomassen-marius-adamstuen-antikvariat
Norske marinefartøy - samtlige norske marinefartøy 1814-2008 og marinens flygevåpen 1912-1944 | ARK Bokhandel
Fylkesbaatane – Om saluttkanoner - Kulturhistorisk leksikon
90 år under rent norsk orlogsflagg - Deichman.no
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