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Engesa EE-11 Urutu ET-20
Introduction:
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The Urutu was an amphibious troop transport vehicle designed by Engesa in partnership with the Brazilian Navy. It was approved in 1972 after successful tests, including open-sea trials. Serial production began in 1973, sharing some components with the Cascavel. The Urutu had good sales in various countries, although it didn’t achieve the same success as the Cascavel. It could transport up to 10+2 soldiers and could be equipped with various turrets and optional accessories, such as fire suppression systems and protection against nuclear, biological, and chemical threats.
Dimensions:
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The overall dimensions were the same as the standard Urutu, except for the height and weight due to the turret. It had the following measurements:
- Length: 6.15 meters
- Width: 2.59 meters
- Height: 2.6 meters, approximately 0.4 meters taller than the original Urutu.
- Weight: 14 tons, around 2 tons more than the original Urutu, which could vary depending on the engine used.
The vehicle was operated by a crew of three (commander, driver, and gunner), with room for up to four additional soldiers in the rear. There was also space for two more soldiers seated in the side doors, although these were not counted in some brochures.
Mobility:
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The Urutu offered three main engine options, along with various transmissions, although additional choices were available depending on the customer’s preferences.
Engines:
- Mercedes OM352 Diesel: 125 hp at 2,800 rpm, 353 Nm at 1,600 rpm (260 lb-ft)
- Mercedes OM352A (turbocharged) Diesel: 190 hp at 2,800 rpm, 431 Nm at 1,800 rpm (318 lb-ft)
- Detroit DDA 6V53 Diesel: 210 hp at 2,800 rpm, 598 Nm at 1,800 rpm (441 lb-ft)
Detroit DDA 6V53
These engines were paired with a range of transmissions, depending on the Urutu model. Options included a 5-speed manual Clark transmission for the Urutu M2, a 4-speed automatic Allison AT-545 transmission for the Urutu M5, or a 4-speed automatic Allison MT-643 transmission for the Urutu M7. The MT-643 could only be matched with the Detroit engine. Additionally, the Urutu utilized a 2-speed Engesa transfer case, allowing the vehicle to operate in both low and high gear. Engaging low gear sacrificed power for increased torque, enhancing its capability for climbing steep slopes. The vehicle also featured a power take-off (PTO) function for the propellers through the transfer case. The Urutu achieved a top road speed of approximately 95 km/h and a maximum amphibious speed of around 8 km/h. While its buoyancy was sufficient for firing the main cannon without sinking due to recoil imbalance, it was not suitable for open sea operations. The vehicle also boasted a remote tire pressure control system for adjusting tire pressure from inside the vehicle.
In terms of off-road performance, the Urutu had a slope-climbing ability of around 60% and a maximum lateral incline of 30%. It had a ground clearance of 0.375 m and could clear a vertical obstacle up to 0.6 m in height. The operational range was 850 km. It could also be transported by air, like all other Urutu versions. The vehicle featured 6x6 drive, with the rear four wheels forming part of the bumerangue suspension. The bumerangue suspension, combined with the 2-speed Engesa transfer case, allowed the Urutu to navigate challenging terrain and provide maximum traction in most situations. Engine power was distributed by a front differential and a rear differential. The rear differential drove the bumerangue suspension with a single axle, making the bumerangue suspension design highly innovative.
Turret:
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Images:
source:
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Blindados no Brasil – Expedito Carlos Stephani Bastos
Engesa brochure
Jane’s armour and artillery 1985-86