Can someone explain to me the insanity of Izmail's HE shells? (14-inch HE patt.1913)

What’s the deal with this round?

14 inch / 356 mm round with 75.85 kg TNT filler AND 307 mm penetration with the fuse delay that lets it avoid overpen, but gives it an ability to blow up ammo-racks on everything from cruisers to battleships?

The thing has:

  • Shockingly good penetration, even beating the Japanese SAPCBC at both: 0° and 60° AoA! (how is regular high explosive with base-fuse round beating capped ballistic capped at a high angle of attack?!)
  • and at the same time it has an outstanding amount of HE filler, beating everything but the british HE. I always thought that you either build thicker walls of the shell for more penetration, or you make slimmer walls for more HE filler. But somehow Russians made a round that combines both: Super-thin walls for a huge explosive filler with outstanding penetration? Stallinium much?
  • That muzzle velocity and a base fuse delay make it excellent for ammo-racking without the risk of overpenetration, even against destroyers.
  • It’s only real downside is its slow muzzle velocity… which half the time can be turned into an upside, by arcing shells on the targets behind cover, which that no other ammunition of a similar calibre could possibly hit.

Now, stats like burst charge and muzzle velocity are historical, I have no problem with that. The big questions are: What’s the source of this outstanding amount of penetration? What’s the source of the base fuse with 0.01s delay? Anyone has any source that can corroborate these numbers, because they strike me as unbelievable?

This round would relatively well-balanced if it’d just be a standard HE with impact fuse.

But instead, they have given Izmail a round that can blow up ammo racks on Amagi. And yes, it’s from 2km range, you’ll rarely fight so up-close, but it does happen in-game battles due to the design of some of the maps:


or ammo racking of the Conte di Cavour, if you want to see it specifically on a BR 7.0 Battleship, rather than a battlecruiser:

Again, I’m well aware that it’s a very short range, which isn’t common, but the big question is: Why high explosive rounds can ammo-rack these vessels at all?

I get that it’s an HE-BF round, but still… just have a look at how it compares against BR 7.0 near-peers -the shell has an absurdly brilliant performance:

Exact calibre Type TNT equv. Filler Penetration @ 0° @ 1000 m/s Penetration @ 60° @ 1000 m/s Fuse delay (s) Velocity (m/s) Explosion after meters: 100% richochett (°) Projectile mass Fuse sensivity
14-inch/52 pattern 1913 (356 mm) USSR 356 HE(-BF) 75.85 307 131 0,01 732 7,32 79 747.8 17
36 cm/45 Type 41 (356 mm) IJN 356 SAPCBC 68.64 301 121 0,01 780 7,8 81 635.58 26
410 mm/45 Type 3 (410 mm) IJN 410 HE 46.52 71 71 0 805 0 81 936 0,1
14 inch/45 Mk.12 (356 mm) USA 356 HE 46.67 71 71 0 823 0 81 635 0,1
SK L/45 (380 mm) GER 380 SAP 67 458 188 0,025 800 20 65 750 26
13.5 inch/45 Mark 5(H) (343 mm) UK 343 HE 88.11 77 77 0 759 0 81 635 0,1
15 inch/42 BL Mark I (381 mm) UK 381 SAPCBC 58 487 189 0,035 752 26,32 71 871 26
340 mm/45 model 1912 (340 mm) FRA 340 HE 34.4 68 68 0 855 0 81 382 0,1

👀 discuss? In before: This is not a russian-bias-bad or paper-weapons-bad post.

As for the base fuse with a 0.01s delay, this refers to the mechanics of how shells detonate upon impact. A shorter fuse delay means that the shell will potentially detonate sooner upon hitting a target, which can be advantageous against heavily armoured targets where the shell must detonate close to the armour’s surface to maximize damage.

Maybe you should have a look at the 130 mm/55 B7 Pattern 1913 canon: Russia / USSR 130 mm/55 (5.1") Pattern 1913 - NavWeaps

It’s a SAP shell effectively, hence its kinetic pen

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You’re shooting at 2km with almost perpendicular angle of attack, why would you expect the ship to not get penetrated? The Russian 14" has extremely bad exterior ballistics so the shell lose penetration very quickly over distance. At normal range of engagement these SAP shells are mostly fireworks against any heavily armoured capital ships.

Even Renown can easily tank this:

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It should be like SAP, instead of HE…

image

That is correct. I would not expect magazines of these vessels to be blown up by a horizontally fired HE shells. I would not expect HE shells to ever outperform SAP in both: explosive filler and penetration at the same time in the same calibre. I would not expect them to keep up with SAP’s penetration through pretty much the entire combat range (either being slightly better or slightly worse then them, but staying in roughly the same range).

No, it doesn’t. Overall, it’s just slightly worse than the Japanese SAPCBC, with a marginal impact on the combat performance.

  • Perpendicularly it has a better penetration the Japanese SAPCBC until over 2500m
  • At a steep angle it’s even better than the Japanese capped ballistic capped shell - as it keeps advantage until 7500 m.

Why use caps at all, if you could put base fuse on HE round, right?

And even in ranges where it has a lower penetration than the SAPCBC - it’s still pretty close:

Type Penetration @ 0° @ 1000m Penetration @ 0° @ 5000m Penetration @ 0° @ 10km Penetration @ 60° @ 1000m Penetration @ 60° @ 5000m Penetration @ 60° @ 10km
14-inch/52 pattern 1913 (356 mm) HE(-BF) 307 250 199 131 106 85
36 cm/45 Type 41 (356 mm) SAPCBC 302 257 221 121 103 89

That’s the problem though - this is not a SAP shell. At least, according to any source I could find nor according to Russia / USSR 14"/52 (35.6 cm) Pattern 1913 - NavWeaps.
And again: it’s not “fireworks”, it outperforms SAPCBC at a closer ranges, and at a long ranges it isn’t far behind.

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What you’re showing is not Russian 356 mm shells

Also, HE pattern 1913 should be SAPCBC in Gaijin’s logic before as they depict IJN 36 cm ordinary SAP as SAPCBC(it is common Type 0 irl)

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Would be nice if they yk, fixed her

It’ll be a common shell, which performs similarly to SAP

And that performance is based on… what? Do we know the source of the penetration numbers?

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Also, HE pattern 1913 should be SAPCBC in Gaijin’s logic

If that’s what the design of the underlying shell was, then it absolutely should be marked as such in the game.

What’s the source of this drawing? I’d love to compliment my library :) I understand that it’s not a drawing of the 356 mm.

What I showed was what the canon 130 mm/55 B7 Pattern 1913 canon used as ammunition. Also, I never promised to show a shell.

Such a website is not reliable, or the reload time should be over 3rpm

They also give sources:

Nope, I have submitted the resource from this web, but Gaijin rejected that.

well, don’t consider Gaijin as a source in terms of historical accuracy either.

Unless you can provide more reliable resources

I can take a look around, but I promise nothing.

There was a discussion about this when this ship class was proposed back in 2021. Hopefully, some of this information from the old forum is helpful. It appears it’s an HE shell in name only. Borodino-class Battlecruiser (1915/16)(NF): A Russian Revolution in Shipbuilding!... Almost... - USSR - War Thunder - Official Forum

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